Distribution and coexistence of urotensin I and urotensin II peptides in the cerebral ganglia of Aplysia californica

Gonzalez, Guido C.; Martínez-Padrón, Manuel; Lederis, K.; Lukowiak, Ken

doi:10.1016/0196-9781(92)90175-3

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Concurrently, UII has been characterized in the brain of the European green frog Rana ridibunda, demonstrating for the first time that a UII-related peptide is also present in the central nervous system of a tetrapod (7). Moreover, the occurrence of UII-like immunoreactivity has been reported in the cerebral ganglia of the gastropod Aplysia californica (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Cloning of the cDNA encoding the urotensin II precursor in frog and human reveals intense expression of the urotensin II gene in motoneurons of the spinal cord

Coulouarn

Lihrmann

Jégou

et al. 1998

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

371

304

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Urotensin II (UII) is a cyclic peptide initially isolated from the caudal neurosecretory system of teleost fish. Subsequently, UII has been characterized from a frog brain extract, indicating that a gene encoding a UII precursor is also present in the genome of a tetrapod. Here, we report the characterization of the cDNAs encoding frog and human UII precursors and the localization of the corresponding mRNAs. In both frog and human, the UII sequence is located at the C-terminal position of the precursor. Human UII is composed of only 11 amino acid residues, while fish and frog UII possess 12 and 13 amino acid residues, respectively. The cyclic region of UII, which is responsible for the biological activity of the peptide, has been fully conserved from fish to human. Northern blot and dot blot analysis revealed that UII precursor mRNAs are found predominantly in the frog and human spinal cord. In situ hybridization studies showed that the UII precursor gene is actively expressed in motoneurons. The present study demonstrates that UII, which has long been regarded as a peptide exclusively produced by the urophysis of teleost fish, is actually present in the brain of amphibians and mammals. The fact that evolutionary pressure has acted to conserve fully the biologically active sequence of UII suggests that the peptide may exert important physiological functions in humans.

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mentioning

confidence: 94%

Cloning of the cDNA encoding the urotensin II precursor in frog and human reveals intense expression of the urotensin II gene in motoneurons of the spinal cord

Coulouarn

Lihrmann

Jégou

et al. 1998

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

371

304

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“…Note that focal application of UI produced no effect on the resting membrane conductance and holding current. ganglia of Aplysia californica by immunocytochemical and radioimmunoassay procedures (Gonzalez et al, 1992). Some studies in invertebrates indicate that urotensin I-like peptides may also exist in the cockroach (Verhaert et al, 1984) and in the cricket (Iwanaga et al, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coexistence and immunoreactivities of UI and UII have been demonstrated in the central nervous system of Aplysia californica (Gonzalez et al, 1992). We next examined the effect of UII on the GABA A receptormediated responses of identified neurons R9 and R12.…”

Section: Effects Of Uii On the Gaba A Receptor-mediated Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of UI as well as UII has been immunohistochemically demonstrated in the caudal neurosecretory cells of a number of elasmobranchiomorphe species (Owada et al, 1985a;Onstott et al, 1986) as well as teleostome fishes (Owada et al, 1985b;Suess et al, 1986). Furthermore, immunohistochemical studies have shown the presence of urotensin peptides in the frog, Rana ridibunda (Chartrel et al, 1996) as well as in the central nervous system of the mollusc, Aplysia californica (Gonzalez et al, 1991(Gonzalez et al, , 1992. These results indicate that urotensins have widespread phylogenetic distribution and may act as a neurotransmitter and/or neuromodulator in the central nervous system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Potentiation of GABAA receptor-mediated Cl- current by urotensin peptides in identified Aplysia neurons

Sawada

Ichinose

1999

J. Neurosci. Res.

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Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate and invertebrate central nervous systems, including those of molluscs. The effects of extracellularly applied urotensin peptides (urotensin I (UI) and urotensin II (UII)) on the GABA-induced Cl- current recorded from identified neurons (R9 and R12) of Aplysia kurodai were investigated using voltage-clamp and pressure ejection techniques. Focal application of 100 nM UI and UII potentiated the GABA-induced Cl- current without affecting the resting membrane conductance and holding current. The increase was completely reversible. The GABA-induced Cl- current also was potentiated by bath-applied UI and UII (5-10 nM). The potentiating effects of UI and UII on the GABA-induced Cl- current were concentration-dependent and completely reversible. These results suggest that neurotensin peptides may decrease neuronal excitability by potentiating the GABA(A) receptor-mediated Cl- current in the neurons of mammalian and invertebrate central nervous systems.

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“…Recent evidence indicates that UI-like immunoreactivity is present in the Aplysia californica central nervous system, where it colocalizes with urotensin II-and angiotensinogen-like immunoreactivities (Gonzalez et al 1991(Gonzalez et al , 1992b(Gonzalez et al , 1995a. This suggests that a UI-like molecule could be an invertebrate evolutionary precursor of the CRFs found in the vertebrate central nervous system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Presence of sauvagine-like epitopes in the interrenal gland of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana

Gonzalez

Bountzioukas

Lederis

et al. 1995

Cell and Tissue Research

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Immunocytochemistry was used to investigate the presence of corticotropin-releasing factor-like peptides in the interrenal (adrenal) glands of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana by using specific antisera raised against synthetic nonconjugated rat/human corticotropin-releasing factor, urotensin I, and sauvagine. From these three antisera, covering a broad range of corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivities, only the sauvagine antiserum gave positive immunoreactivity. Sauvagine immunoreactivity was found in cortical cells grouped into cords in the renal zone of the interrenal gland. The central and subcapsular cords were less stained. Tyrosine hydroxylase-positive chromaffin cells were not sauvagine-immunoreactive. The immunoreactivity was abolished, in all cases, by previous immunoabsorption of the sauvagine antiserum with synthetic sauvagine (0.1 microM), but it was not eliminated by sucker (Catostomus commersoni) urotensin I, sole (Hippoglossoides elassodon) urotensin I, sucker corticotropin-releasing factor, rat/human corticotropin-releasing factor, or ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (0.1-10 microM). In a sauvagine radioimmunoassay, interrenal extracts displaced 125I-sauvagine from antiserum only partially, and not in parallel with the sauvagine standard curve. The results suggest that the sauvagine immunoreactivity in the R. catesbeiana interrenal gland may represent a novel sauvagine-like peptide.

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Distribution and coexistence of urotensin I and urotensin II peptides in the cerebral ganglia of Aplysia californica

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Cloning of the cDNA encoding the urotensin II precursor in frog and human reveals intense expression of the urotensin II gene in motoneurons of the spinal cord

Cloning of the cDNA encoding the urotensin II precursor in frog and human reveals intense expression of the urotensin II gene in motoneurons of the spinal cord

Potentiation of GABAA receptor-mediated Cl- current by urotensin peptides in identified Aplysia neurons

Presence of sauvagine-like epitopes in the interrenal gland of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana

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