Distribution and Clearance of Polybrominated Biphenyls in Cows and Calves

Willett, L. B.; Irving, Helen

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(76)84381-0

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Tissue:plasma residue concentration ratios are also presented. The relative tissue concentrations in various tissues were not unlike those found in necropsied tissues of cows and calves environmentally and experimentally exposed to PBB (9,17,18). Basically PBB has a strong predilection for fatty tissues with the notable exception of tissues of the nervous system.…”

Section: Pbb Concentrations In Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The rate of passage of unconjugated PBB through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract was much the same as the flow of alimentary contents. The appearance and decline of HBB3 in feces of animals given single 3-g doses of FireMaster were significantly correlated with passage of a chromic oxide (Cr203) marker (9). Presence of both PBB and Cr2O3 were detected in feces approximately 12 hr after administration, reached peak concentrations between 20 and 36 hr after dosing, then declined to about 2% of peak concentration during the subsequent 48 hr.…”

Section: Pbb Concentrations In Fecesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The procedures used for the analysis of PBB in this laboratory have previously been reported in considerable detail (9,12). In experiments 1, 2, and 3 only the major hexabromobiphenyl (peak 3, Fig.…”

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presence of both PBB and Cr2O3 were detected in feces approximately 12 hr after administration, reached peak concentrations between 20 and 36 hr after dosing, then declined to about 2% of peak concentration during the subsequent 48 hr. Approximately half of each single dose administered was accountable in feces by day 8 (9).…”

Section: Pbb Concentrations In Fecesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of PBBs on cattle. IV. Distribution and clearance of components of firemaster BP-6.

Willett¹,

Durst²

1978

Environ Health Perspect

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Sixty dairy animals were utilized in seven experiments to determine aspects of the distribution and clearance of FireMaster BP-6. Experimental protocols of various studies provided daily exposures from 0.25 to 25,000 mg, exposures for I to 202 days, and total study periods from 10 to 1100 days. Necropsy of 28 animals provided information on residue concentrations in 35 tissues, and the excretion in milk was determined in 15 animals. These studies showed that the major brominated biphenyls of this commercial mixture were absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and appeared in the blood plasma within 4 hr. With continued exposure to the residue plasma concentrations reached a steady state by 15 days. Free PBB was not detectable in urine. During PBB feeding feces was the major route of excretion, representing approximately 50%o of the amount fed to animals not displaying signs of toxicosis. Following withdrawal of PBB, fecal concentrations declined to 1 to 2% of concentrations during dosing, yet, feces remained the major excretory route in nonlactating animals. In contrast, in post-exposure lactating animals milk fat became an important excretory route removing three-times the quantity of residue cleared in feces. Following parturition, concentrations of PBB in milk fat declined approximately twofold in 6 days. Thereafter, the residue concentration in milk fat was approximately 0.4 that in depot fats. PBB had a predilection for lipid tissues with similar concentrations in various depot fats. Concentrations of the residue were notably low in tissues of the nervous system despite the high content of lipid material. Liver contained residue concentrations that were disproportionately high when compared to the lipid content of the organ. Calves born to PBB-exposed cows had similar distribution of residues in body tissues although concentrations were less than those of the dam.

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Section: Pbb Concentrations In Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Pbb Concentrations In Fecesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pbb Concentrations In Fecesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of PBBs on cattle. IV. Distribution and clearance of components of firemaster BP-6.

Willett¹,

Durst²

1978

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Toxicosis was not expected, so the protocol did not include measurements of clinicopathologic responses. No clinical signs or lesions in necropsied animals that could be attributed to PBB exposure were observed in mature cows given single 3 g doses or in calves which received the residue in utero or through milk from contaminated dams (5).…”

Section: Exposures Which Did Not Elicit a Toxic Responsementioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of PBBs on Cattle. I. Clinical Evaluations and Clinical Chemistry

Durst¹,

Willett²,

Schanbacher³

et al. 1978

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Toxicosis was induced in pregnant heifers by feeding 25,000 mg/head/day of FireMaster BP-6, a commercial blend of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB). The PBB feeding decreased dry matter intake approximately 50% by 4 days exposure. Emaciated animals became anorexic a few days prior to death at 33 to 66 days. Weight losses of heifers averaged 80 kg. Other clinical signs observed were dehydration, diarrhea, excessive salivation and lacrimation, fetal death, abortion, and general depression as evidenced by depressed heart and respiratory rates. Clinical signs were apparent after 10 days exposure and progressively intensified along with loss of condition until death. Clinicopathologic changes included significantly increased serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and decreased serum calcium by 30 days exposure. Lactate dehydrogenase, urea nitrogen, and bilirubin were elevated, and serum albumin decreased by 36 to 40 days. Principal urine changes were decreased speciflc gravity and moderate proteinuria. Pregnant heifers fed 0.25 or 250 mg/head/day for 60 days and nonpregnant heifers fed 250 mg/head/day for 180 days displayed neither clinical signs nor clinicopathologic changes indicating adverse effects from PBB exposure. Post-exposure, all heifers exposed to PBB for 60 days calved normally with zero calf mortality and were successfully rebred. Milk production was not different from control animals. Birth weights of calves from dams exposed to 250 mg PBB/head/day were significantly greater than calves of dams exposed to 0 mg or 0.25 mg/head/day. PBB exposure of dams produced no detrimental effects on calves as indicated by clinical signs, clinicopathologic changes, or performance.

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Embryotoxicity of polybrominated biphenyls

Beaudoin¹

1979

Teratological Testing

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Distribution and Clearance of Polybrominated Biphenyls in Cows and Calves

Cited by 32 publications

References 4 publications

Effects of PBBs on cattle. IV. Distribution and clearance of components of firemaster BP-6.

Effects of PBBs on cattle. IV. Distribution and clearance of components of firemaster BP-6.

Effects of PBBs on Cattle. I. Clinical Evaluations and Clinical Chemistry

Embryotoxicity of polybrominated biphenyls

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