Distribution and Abundance of Two Sympatric Species of Horseshoe Crabs Along the Odisha Coast, India

Behera, Satyaranjan; Tripathy, Basudev; Sivakumar, Kuppusamy; Choudhury, B. C.; Bhadury, Punyasloke

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19542-1_9

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Once key breeding sites have been identified, then quantitative surveys can be designed. The tri‐spine horseshoe crab, T. tridentatus , and coastal horseshoe crab, T. gigas , spawn on sandy beach habitats similar to those used by American horseshoe crabs (Mishra, 2009; Behera et al, 2015; Hsieh & Chen, 2015; Mishra, Mishra & Yasmin, 2015; Mohamad et al, 2015; Nelson et al, 2015; Manca et al, 2017), so some modifications of the spawning and egg surveys may be feasible for researchers of these two species, especially in the less disturbed portions of the coast. However, we recognize that survey methods may need to be modified in areas affected by anthropogenic changes to the shoreline, such as the construction of sea walls or shrimp ponds, mangrove losses, and so on.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such instances, spawning surveys are more likely to yield useful population data. The third Asian horseshoe crab species, C. rotundicauda , spawns on the muddy shores of tidal creeks among mangroves (Behera et al, 2015; Cartwright‐Taylor, 2015; Mitra et al, 2017; Fairuz‐Fozi et al, 2018), and so different kinds of sampling methods may be required. Surveys of adult and juvenile mangrove horseshoe crabs must generally be done on the mud flats at low tide (Cartwright‐Taylor, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Populations of coastal and mangrove horseshoe crabs are widely regarded as declining, due to many of the same factors noted above (e.g. Mishra, 2009; Shin, Li & Cheung, 2009; Behera et al, 2015; Cartwright‐Taylor, 2015; Faridah et al, 2015; Mishra, Mishra & Yasmin, 2015; Nelson et al, 2015; Manca et al, 2017). Global climate change is an overarching threat to horseshoe crabs in both North America and Asia, because of the loss of intertidal spawning and juvenile nursery habitats associated with sea‐level rise, and the detrimental effects of shoreline armouring (Botton, 2001; Jackson & Nordstrom, 2015; Loveland & Botton, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationships between spawning horseshoe crabs and egg densities: Recommendations for the assessment of populations and habitat suitability

Botton

Colon

Sclafani

et al. 2021

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Horseshoe crab population sizes and trends have been previously studied using surveys of spawning adults and counts of eggs from surface (top 5 cm) and deep (20 cm) sediment samples. The correlations between surface and deep eggs were studied at two locations, Delaware Bay and Jamaica Bay, USA, and the correlations between egg densities and spawning counts were examined in Jamaica Bay.2. There were significantly higher densities of eggs in deep sediments than in surface sediments. Only about 10% of the variability in surface egg density was explained by deep egg density. The numerical patterns between surface and deep eggs were similar between Delaware Bay and Jamaica Bay and across sampling dates.3. Nearly 20% of the deep samples in the combined data from Delaware Bay and Jamaica Bay with an egg density of ≥100,000 m −2 had zero surface eggs.Therefore, the use of surface eggs as an indicator of habitat suitability and spawning intensity may seriously underestimate the importance of a beach for spawning horseshoe crabs. 4. When paired with nearest survey date, Jamaica Bay spawning indices did not predict deep or surface egg densities. This may be related to a temporal mismatch between survey methods, the extreme overdispersion (patchiness) of the eggs, and/or the dynamics of egg distribution after exhumation. 5. Both egg density and spawning surveys can provide useful data on habitat suitability for horseshoe crabs and can offer excellent opportunities for student and citizen scientist engagement. More labour is required for egg surveys than spawning surveys because of the time required to sample, sort, and enumerate the eggs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationships between spawning horseshoe crabs and egg densities: Recommendations for the assessment of populations and habitat suitability

Botton

Colon

Sclafani

et al. 2021

Aquatic Conservation

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“…Balasore has quali ed as a preferable place for breeding due to the intertidal zone, which helps for their spawning activity [10]. It has been reported that the T. gigas and C. rotundicauda come to the estuary for spawning purposes in pairs during the tidal movement of spring seasons in India [16,17]. The population of horseshoe crabs is declining rapidly due to over shing, water pollution, habitat destruction, resulting in reduced abundance and quality of prey available as a food source to horseshoe crab [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Genetic Variation in COI Gene of Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus Gigas) Population Along the Coast of the Bay of Bengal in Odisha, India

Tudu

Gupta

Dash

2021

Preprint

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Horseshoe crab (Tachypleus gigas) is an archaic group of marine creature which plays a vital role in the saline ecosystem. Many researchers emphasize and enhance the knowledge about the horseshoe crab's basic biology, morphology, and ecology, whereas very little information is available about its population genetics. We attempted to develop a baseline database about the ecology, phylogeography, and genetic variation among the horseshoe crab population from Odisha, India. We collected 152 samples of horseshoe crab from the coastal area of the Bay of Bengal. The generated Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I gene (COI) sequences of T. gigas were compared with the sequences of T. gigas obtained from GenBank. The GenBank sequences were of two populations from South China and Malaysia. A total of 26 unique haplotypes were observed in three populations of T. gigas. Pairwise F-statistic distance (FST) between South China-India was 0.708; Malaysia-India was 0.608, and South China-Malaysia was 0.136. It indicated that the South China population was closely related to the Malaysian population and the Indian population was appeared to be genetically distinct from the other two populations. It signifies the ecological importance of the Indian population. Furthermore, the migrant per generation (Nm) was 0.16, which indicated a low gene flow among T. gigas populations. The haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (π) were 0.58826 and 0.00476, respectively. This study would help lay future strategy and conservation of horseshoe crab across the Bay of Bengal.

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“…The animal established its existence and maintained its descendent features from the Late Ordovician Period to present day [1]. However, only 4 species are still existed nowadays and distribute sympatrically around the world [2]. Tachypleus gigas (Müller, 1785) commonly found in Asia coastal water [3] from India to Japan and south to Indonesia [4][5] [6] and Malaysia [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fishery Aspect of Horseshoe Crab [Tachypleus gigas (Müller, 1785)] in the Peninsular Malaysia: Exploitation Status

Razali¹,

K²

2017

ujas

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Horseshoe crab is a unique Arthropoda which is also known as a living fossil because of its ancient morphological appearance. The animal established its existence since 300 million years ago and maintained its morphology to present day. The greatest proportion of adult horseshoe crab mortality is probably due to human activity. Horseshoe crabs in Malaysia are harvested for local consumption or marketed to the neighbor country. Series of survey were carried out to understand the exploitation status and collection technique of horseshoe crab in selected coast, Pahang and Malacca coastal area. Interviews were carried out with fisherman that involved in horseshoe crab exploitation activities. Data collected from 100 respondents were analyzed to compare the exploitation activity in both coastal areas. Respondents were mostly fisherman which used both techniques; collecting on shoreline and net fishing to catch horseshoe crab. More people significantly (p<0.05) used traditional collection method (hand harvest at shoreline) in Pahang (56.1%) compared to those in Malacca (34.15%). 65.85% collectors in Malacca adopted the netting method while, only 43.9% collectors in Pahang preferred the same method to collect adult horseshoe crabs coming to the shore during spawning season. The frequency of netting method monthly was significantly higher (p<0.05) in Malacca than Pahang. This resulted to the higher horseshoe crab quantities caught by 50 respondents in Malacca (16860 per month) than Pahang (4180 per month). The initial results from this survey indicate an alarming condition faced by the horseshoe crab coming to the beach for nesting. Monitoring program should be planned to sustain the fishery activity on horseshoe crab in Malaysia.

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Distribution and Abundance of Two Sympatric Species of Horseshoe Crabs Along the Odisha Coast, India

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

The relationships between spawning horseshoe crabs and egg densities: Recommendations for the assessment of populations and habitat suitability

The relationships between spawning horseshoe crabs and egg densities: Recommendations for the assessment of populations and habitat suitability

Assessment of Genetic Variation in COI Gene of Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus Gigas) Population Along the Coast of the Bay of Bengal in Odisha, India

Fishery Aspect of Horseshoe Crab [Tachypleus gigas (Müller, 1785)] in the Peninsular Malaysia: Exploitation Status

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