Distribution, accumulation, and potential risks of heavy metals in soil and tea leaves from geologically different plantations

Zhang, Jian; Yang, Ruidong; Li, Yuncong; Peng, Yishu; Wen, Xuefeng; Ni, Xinran

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110475

Cited by 106 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Tea consumption can also be a source of increased levels of toxic trace metals [9]. However, the effects of geological differences on the distribution of heavy metals in soils and their accumulation in tea leaves remain unclear and limited [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Changes in Total Antioxidant Capacity, the Content of Polyphenols, Caffeine, and Heavy Metals of Teas in Relation to Their Origin and Fermentation

Bobková

Demianová

Belej

et al. 2021

Foods

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Tea (Camellia sinensis) is widely sought for beverages worldwide. Heavy metals are often the main aims of the survey of teas, given that the use of agricultural fertilization is very frequent. Some of these may affect the content of bioactive compounds. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed fermented and non-fermented teas of a single plant origin from Japan, Nepal, Korea, and China, and described mutual correlations and changes in the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the content of polyphenols (TPC), caffeine, and heavy metals in tea leaves, in relation to the origin and fermentation process. Using UV-VIS spectrophotometry and HPLC-DAD, we determined variations in bioactive compounds’ content in relation to the fermentation process and origin and observed negative correlations between TAC and TPC. Heavy metal content followed this order: Mn > Fe > Cu > Zn > Ni > Cr > Pb > Co > Cd > Hg. Given the homogenous content of these elements in relation to fermentation, this paper also describes the possibility of using heavy metals as determinants of geographical origin. Linear Discriminant Analysis showed an accuracy of 75% for Ni, Co, Cd, Hg, and Pb, explaining 95.19% of the variability between geographical regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Changes in Total Antioxidant Capacity, the Content of Polyphenols, Caffeine, and Heavy Metals of Teas in Relation to Their Origin and Fermentation

Bobková

Demianová

Belej

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…The toxicities of HMs such as Cd, Cr, As, and Pb are recognized as major human risks worldwide [ 9 ]. Zhang et al [ 10 ] reported Cd, Pb, and as pollution in tea plantation soil and Pb in tea leaves from Guizhou province, China; albeit, without serious risk to humans. Yaylalı-Abanuz et al [ 11 ] reported Cd, Cu, and Hg contamination in the tea plantation soil of the mining area of eastern Black Sea in Turkey, with a relatively higher level of HMs in tea leaves compared to other countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…China has the largest tea plantation area and production in the world [ 10 ]. As the originator of tea trees, the southwest region of China had a tea planting area of 143.97 × 10 4 ha −1 and a tea yield of 111.65 × 10 4 t in 2020, accounting for 28.79% of the tea planting area and 18.15% of the tea yield worldwide, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collaborative Assessment and Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Soils and Tea Leaves in the Southwest Region of China

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The collaborative assessment and health risk evaluation of heavy metals (HMs) enrichment in soils and tea leaves are crucial to guarantee consumer safety. However, in high soil HM geochemical background areas superimposed by human activities, the health risk associated with HMs in soil–tea systems is not clear. This study assessed the HMs concentration (i.e., chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb)) in tea leaves and their relationship with soil amounts in the southwest region of China to evaluate the associated health risk in adults. The results revealed that the average soil concentration of Cr was the highest (79.06 mg kg−1), followed by Pb (29.27 mg kg−1), As (14.87 mg kg−1), and Cd (0.18 mg kg−1). Approximately 0.71, 4.99, 7.36, and 10.21% of soil samples exceeded the threshold values (NY/T 853-2004) for Pb, Cr, As, and Cd, respectively. Furthermore, the average concentration of Pb, As, and Cd in tea leaves was below the corresponding residue limits, but Cr was above the allowed limits. Correlation analysis revealed that the Pb, Cr, As, and Cd amounts in tea leaves were positively correlated to their soil amounts (p < 0.01) with an R2 of 0.203 **, 0.074 **, 0.036 **, and 0.090 **, respectively. Additionally, approximately 40.38% of the samples were found to be contaminated. Furthermore, spatial distribution statistical analysis revealed that Lancang was moderately contaminated, while Yingjiang, Zhenkang, Yongde, Zhenyuan, Lüchun, Jingdong, Ximeng, and Menglian were slightly contaminated areas. The target hazard quotients (THQ; health risk assessment) of Pb, Cr, As, and Cd and the hazard index (HI) of all the counties were below unity, suggesting unlikely health risks from tea consumption.

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“…For instance, a recent study by [50] found both adults and children to have significant cancer risk due to exposure to As in rice grown in contaminated agricultural soil. Other studies have also documented varying degrees of As, Ni, and Cr cancer risk potentials to humans in different environmental compartments and edible tissues in other regions of the world [51].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and Health Risks Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals and Metalloids Contaminants: A Case Study of Agricultural Soils in Qatar

Alsafran

Usman

Jabri

et al. 2021

Toxics

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In recent years, Qatar has witnessed exponential growth in the human population, urbanization, and increased anthropogenic activities, including agriculture. Potentially toxic environmental contaminants, including metals and metalloids, are commonly found in emerging economies. At high concentrations, elements such as As, Cr, and Ni can be hazardous and may lead to various health problems in humans, including cancer. The current study measured As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn concentrations in agricultural soils. Pollution levels and potential negative impacts on human and environmental health were determined using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) standard methodologies. According to the study’s findings, the studied element concentrations descended in the following order: Zn > Cr > V > Ni > As > Cu > Pb > Cd. Of these, As (27.6 mg/kg), Cr (85.7 mg/kg), Ni (61.9 mg/kg), and Zn (92.3 mg/kg) concentrations were higher than average world background levels. Each of these elements also had an enrichment factor (EF > 1), indicating their anthropogenic origin. The combined pollution load index (PLI > 1) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) range values of −0.2–2.5 further indicated that the soil was up to 58% polluted. However, the ecological risk factor (Er ≤ 40.6) and potential ecological risk index (PERI = 79.6) suggested low ecological risk. A human health risk evaluation showed that only As, with a hazard index (HI) of 1.3, posed a noncarcinogenic risk to infants. Additionally, As, Cr, and Ni, with total carcinogenic risk (TCR) values of 1.18 × 10−4 and 2.06 × 10−4 for adults and children, respectively, proved carcinogenic to both age groups. The elements’ carcinogenic risk (CR) potential descended in the following order: Ni > As > Cr. Additionally, for both adults and children, oral ingestion is the most likely exposure pathway. Our findings support the need for closer monitoring of potentially toxic metals and metalloids levels in cultivated soils and farm produce in Qatar. Reducing the elements’ bioavailability in soil and developing innovative remediation technologies is needed to limit potential risks to human health. Further studies on As, Cr, and Ni gastrointestinal bioaccessibilities are needed to fully understand the effects after long-term exposure and the cancer-causing potential of these elements over a lifetime.

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Distribution, accumulation, and potential risks of heavy metals in soil and tea leaves from geologically different plantations

Cited by 106 publications

References 66 publications

Detection of Changes in Total Antioxidant Capacity, the Content of Polyphenols, Caffeine, and Heavy Metals of Teas in Relation to Their Origin and Fermentation

Detection of Changes in Total Antioxidant Capacity, the Content of Polyphenols, Caffeine, and Heavy Metals of Teas in Relation to Their Origin and Fermentation

Collaborative Assessment and Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Soils and Tea Leaves in the Southwest Region of China

Ecological and Health Risks Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals and Metalloids Contaminants: A Case Study of Agricultural Soils in Qatar

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