Distribution, abundance and density of the wild boar on the Iberian Peninsula, based on the CORINE program and hunting statistics

Bosch, Jaime; Peris, Salvador J.; Fonseca, Carlos; Martínez, Marta; Torre, Ana de la; Iglesias, I.; Muñoz, Marı́a Jesús

doi:10.25225/fozo.v61.i2.a7.2012

Cited by 50 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Visualization of the predicted distribution reported in this study was similar to that of previous studies of wild boar distribution in the Euroasiatic zone, in particular in Spain (Spencer & Hampton, 2005;Oliver & Leus, 2008) and in the Iberian Peninsula (Palomo et al, 2007;Araújo et al, 2011a,b;Bosch et al, 2012;Acevedo et al, 2014). However, apart from using a different set of environmental variables, the main difference in the present study is that the fitted model also identifies the varia- bles that have the greatest influence on species distribution -thereby providing information regarding the response profile of each variable -and combines their predictability to generate a higher resolution map.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Acevedo et al (2014) have recently published a study focused on Spain determining the abundance of wild boar that is based on hunting yields and environmental predictors (above all climatic predictors and predictors related to the most important land cover for wild boar). Previously, Bosch et al (2012) undertook a complete review and used a standardized European land-cover program to develop a habitat suitability map for the Iberian Peninsula which, moreover, included a unified habitat and a density map per grid cell. Suitable potential habitats where the wild boar might thrive were determined on the basis of selected land uses and assigned specific weights related to the land's ability to supply food and/or shelter to the wild boar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of the Iberian Peninsula, Bosch et al (2012) have recently created a habitat suitability map for wild boar based on the availability of vegetation resources, i.e., food resources and shelter. These authors used different studies to assess the risk of introducing disease along vegetation corridors crossing national borders (De la Torre et al, 2013).…”

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A maximum entropy model for predicting wild boar distribution in Spain

Bosch

Mardones

Pérez

et al. 2014

Span. j. agric. res.

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Wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations in many areas of the Palearctic including the Iberian Peninsula have grown continuously over the last century. This increase has led to numerous different types of conflicts due to the damage these mammals can cause to agriculture, the problems they create in the conservation of natural areas, and the threat they pose to animal health. In the context of both wildlife management and the design of health programs for disease control, it is essential to know how wild boar are distributed on a large spatial scale. Given that the quantifying of the distribution of wild species using census techniques is virtually impossible in the case of large-scale studies, modeling techniques have thus to be used instead to estimate animals' distributions, densities, and abundances. In this study, the potential distribution of wild boar in Spain was predicted by integrating data of presence and environmental variables into a MaxEnt approach. We built and tested models using 100 bootstrapped replicates. For each replicate or simulation, presence data was divided into two subsets that were used for model fitting (60% of the data) and cross-validation (40% of the data). The final model was found to be accurate with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value of 0.79. Six explanatory variables for predicting wild boar distribution were identified on the basis of the percentage of their contribution to the model. The model exhibited a high degree of predictive accuracy, which has been confirmed by its agreement with satellite images and field surveys.Additional key words: Sus scrofa; environmental suitability; MaxEnt; spatial distribution; wildlife management; geographic information. This work has one supplementary table and three supplementary figures that do not appear in the printed article but that accompany the paper online.Abbreviations used: AUC (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve); GAM (generalised additive models); GBIF (global biodiversity information facility); GIMMS (global inventory modeling and mapping studies); GLM (generalized linear model); GRASS (geographic resources analysis support system); MaxEnt (maximum entropy); NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index); ROC (receiver operating characteristic); SDM (species distribution model); SRTM (shuttle radar topography mission); VCF (vegetation continuous fields); VIF (variance inflated factor).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A maximum entropy model for predicting wild boar distribution in Spain

Bosch

Mardones

Pérez

et al. 2014

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…In southern Spain, the current local abundances of red deer and wild boar are probably the highest recorded in Europe, reaching densities higher than 50 deer km 2 and 90 wild boar km 2 in intensively managed hunting areas (Acevedo et al 2008, Bosch et al 2012). According to Caughley and Grigg (1981), a particular wildlife species can be considered as "overabundant" if, among other things, it causes dysfunctions in the ecosystem (the consequences of "overabundance" are dealt by Côté et al 2004).…”

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Ungulate browsing on European silver fir Abies alba: the role of occasions, food shortage and diet preferences

Häsler

Senn

2012

Wildlife Biology

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European silver fir Abies alba is the most heavily browsed conifer in Central European mountain forests. Attempts to reduce ungulate browsing have often been unsuccessful, controversial or too costly. The aim of the work described here was to improve our understanding of the factors that lead to browsing on silver fir. The silver fir content in the diet of three sympatric ungulate species, chamois Rupicapra rupicapra, red deer Cervus elaphus and roe deer Capreolus capreolus, was determined by microhistological analysis of faeces collected at four sites in the Alps. Further, the supply of silver fir was assessed at the individual tree and patch scale and then extrapolated to site scale. Silver fir consumption was highest in winter, when diet composition varied among sites but not among ungulate species. Towards the summer, site‐differences decreased and differences among ungulate species increased. Red and roe deer reduced consumption of silver fir, whereas chamois kept it constant. The use of silver fir was unrelated to the supply at the various sites, but increased with the proportion of trees growing amidst palatable herbaceous species. At the individual plant scale, ungulates browsed on the saplings with the larger needles. These results indicate that silver fir as food does not rank high among the available plant species, but is eaten opportunistically, especially when it grows close to more preferred food plants. However, when alternative food is scarce, particularly in winter, it may also represent a shortage food supply, and larger quantities are consumed. Yet, the fact that feeding on silver fir is mostly opportunistic may offer forest managers a way to approach the ‘browsing problem’.

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“…Indeed, in areas with intensive game management aimed to boost biggame species, red deer can reach densities of over 50 individuals/km² Acevedo et al, 2008), and wild boar densities can even attain 90 individuals/km² (Acevedo et al, 2007;Bosch et al, 2012). However, despite the large increase in the densities of wild boar and deer, little is known about the ecological impacts of the overabundance of these species on Mediterranean ecosystems (but see Carpio et al [2014a;2014b;2014c] for its impacts on other species; Gortázar et al [2006] for diseaserelated constraints; Perea et al [2014] for impacts on vegetation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Red-Legged PartridgeAlectoris rufaAbundance on Big-Game Hunting Estates: Implications for Management and Conservation

Carpio

Oteros

Vicente

et al. 2015

Ardeola

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SUMMARY.-The red-legged partridge Alectoris rufa is not only the most important bird game species but also an important prey species for many predators in Iberia. However, its populations have significantly declined in recent decades, principally as the result of agricultural intensification on arable land. Its abundance has also undergone a significant decline in forested areas over the last few decades, where wild ungulate management and abundance have increased. In this scenario, we aimed to test the factors that affect red-legged partridge abundance in relation to high wild ungulate (wild boar and red deer) abundance in south-central Spain. The factors included as predictors were carnivore, wild boar and red deer abundances, vegetation features, nest predation rate and invertebrate availability. Red deer abundance showed a negative relationship with partridge abundance in spring (non-significant negative trends were also evident for carnivore and wild boar), whereas variables related to food availability (grass biomass, Hemipteran abundance and total invertebrate mass) had a positive effect in the same season. Moreover, deer and carnivore abundances and spring nest predation rate were negatively associated with partridge abundance in autumn. Plant biomass and Hemipteran abundance were negatively correlated with wild boar abundance, whereas maximum pasture height was negatively related to red deer and wild boar abundance. Overall, our results show that high ungulate densities may

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Distribution, abundance and density of the wild boar on the Iberian Peninsula, based on the CORINE program and hunting statistics

Abstract: BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.

Cited by 50 publications

References 39 publications

A maximum entropy model for predicting wild boar distribution in Spain

A maximum entropy model for predicting wild boar distribution in Spain

Ungulate browsing on European silver fir Abies alba: the role of occasions, food shortage and diet preferences

Factors Affecting Red-Legged PartridgeAlectoris rufaAbundance on Big-Game Hunting Estates: Implications for Management and Conservation

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