“…In recent years, fiber-optic-distributed temperature sensor technology (FODTS) based on Brillouin and Raman scattering, and quasi-distributed temperature sensor technology based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG), have developed rapidly and been employed to perform health monitoring for civil structural works, such as leakage detection of dam and petroleum pipeline [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. With the advanced sensor technology, innovative methods have also been devised to detect and localize potential leakages in D-walls based on FODTS technology [ 5 , 16 , 25 , 26 ].…”