“…In fact, naturally, the architecture of the underlying subsystem is decentralized or distributed, which means that it is necessary to develop distributed FD and FR frameworks. In other words, local fault diagnosis and reconstruction should be performed [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. However, since the interconnected systems are becoming increasingly complex, the problem of system fault reconstruction has also become increasingly difficult, especially problems related to fault propagation, due to the fact that faults occurring in one subsystem influence adjacent subsystems.…”