“…A platform can also be defined as a set of subsystems functioning as a structure to produce a stream of derivative products based on information and communication technology (ICT) and internet of things (IoT) (Meyer and Selinger, 1998; Falco and Kleinhans, 2018; Choi et al , 2019). A more general view of the term is suggested by Venkatraman and Henderson (1998), Stelmach et al (2011), Taylor et al (1999) and Yang et al (2018) (and in Downes and Mui, 1998; Chen and Jin, 2012), who define platform in terms of integrating business networks, which leverage capabilities within and across organisations. The concept of platform is also seen as arrangements or combinations of organisational structures and strategies (Ciborra, 1996; Hemalatha et al , 2016; Lehtinen et al , 2019).…”