Distribuição espacial de aves em um fragmento florestal do campus da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Norte do Paraná, Brasil

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Spatial distribution ofbirds in a forest fragment at Londrina State University cam pus, Northern Paraná State, Brazil. Spatial distribution ofbirds was studied in 10 ha forest fragment at Londrina State University, southem Brazil (23°15' S, 51°\O'W) . Five habitats were categorized in the forest fragment: four related to the edges and one related to tbe forest interior. Aline transeet, crossing ali these habitats, was used to identify the bird species one day each two weeks from September 1996 to September 1997 totaling 57 days of samplings. The forest was divided into three leveIs: understory (bellow 3 m), mid-Ievels (3-7 m) and eanopy (above 7 m). Occurrenee frequencies in each habitat and each fore st leveI were ealculated for eaeh ofthe 62 species identified during the field work. The number of speeies in eaeh leveI was similar (43 species in lhe understory, 42 at mid-Ievels and 40 in the canopy). Edges had higher number of species (51,46, 33 and 30 species) and most ofthem with more than 50% of occurrence frequency. By contrast, forest had the lowest number ofbird species (29 species), 80% ofthem with less than 50% ofoeeurrenee frequeney, what suggest that the edge effeet is strong on this forest fragment. KEY WORDS . Spatial distribution, birds, forest fragment, nOlthem Paraná State, south ofBrazil Densas florestas cobriam quase todo o estado do Paraná no início deste século (MAACK 1981). Devido ao intenso processo de uso da terra, especialmente na região norte, resta atualmente menos de 8% da área original de floresta do Estado (sos FUNDAÇÃO MATA ATLÂNTICA & INPE 1990). No norte do Paraná a paisagem mais comum é composta por grandes áreas de agricultura ou de criação de gado; pequenos e isolados fragmentos florestais, normalmente menores que 50 ha, são encontrados em algumas regiões.Muitas das espécies de aves que primitivamente viviam em florestas contí-nuas não conseguem sobreviver em tais fragmentos . Vários autores mencionam um decréscimo no número de espécies de aves com a diminuição da área da floresta (e.g. WILLIS 1979; BIERREGAARD & LOVEJOY 1989). Além da área reduzida, situação que diminui drasticamente a disponibilidade de recursos alimentares, e do

Aves de paisagem rural na região Centro-oeste do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil

“…According to the author, this group is quickly extinct in small fragments, because they need different species of trees that bear fruit in different seasons of the year. As observed by Gimenes and Anjos (2000) for other Psittacidae, A. auricapillus is certainly not restricted to the study area, but it explores it in different periods to obtaining certain resources.…”

Comunidade de aves da Reserva Estadual de Gurjaú, Pernambuco, Brasil

“…Trabalhos com esse enfoque têm sido desenvolvidos com maior regularidade no sudeste e sul do Brasil, a exemplo de ALEIXO (1999), ALEIXO & VIELLIARD (1995), ALMEIDA et al (1999), ANJOS (1998ANJOS ( , 2001ANJOS ( , 2002, ANJOS & BOÇON (1999), GIMENES & ANJOS (2000), MARSDEN et al (2001), VIELLIARD & SILVA (1990), VIELLIARD (2000).…”

Utilização de poleiros artificiais por aves em áreas de restauração ecológica dos biomas Cerrado e Mata Atlântica no Brasil

“…Thus, the calculation of bird species frequency from each sample is random. The species were grouped into frequency classes based in Gimenes and Anjos (2000). These categories are: 1 -frequent (percentage of occurrence equal to or above 50%); 2 -occasional (between 25% and 50%), and 3 -accidental (below 25%).…”