Distortion of temperature signals in He II due to probe geometry, and a new improved probe

Parametric generation of second sound in superfluid helium: Linear stability and nonlinear dynamics

“…The diameter of the glass fibers in our case was 8 µm, close to that reported in [48], and much less than a SS wave length.…”

“…However, such bolometers did not have a high enough figure of merit and were not designed for measuring near the superfluid transition temperature. The diameter of the glass fibers in our case was 8 µm, close to that reported in [48], and much less than a SS wave length.…”

“…The bolometers with no reflection first were proposed in Ref. [48], where they were made by coating glass fibers of diameter d ≈ 10 µm with a layer of gold and tin.…”

Thermal wave measurements in superfluid helium II

“…2). The superconductor temperature sensor was originally developed at the Max Planck Institute [5], and was further modified at the University of Tsukuba [6]. The sensing element is composed of gold (about 20 nm) and tin (about 100 nm) thin films which were vacuum deposited on the outer surface of a fine quartz fiber 40 Pm in diameter and 1.5 mm in length.…”

An Experimental Investigation of Temperature and Pressure Oscillation in the Boiling of Liquid Helium

“…The distance was adjustable. The superconductor temperature sensor was originally developed at the Max-Planck Institute [8], and was further modi ed at the University of Tsukuba [9]. The sensing element consists of gold (about 20 nm) and tin (about 100 nm) thin lms which were vacuum-deposited on the outer surface of a ne quartz ber 40 l m in diameter and 1.5 mm in length.…”