Distinguishing black carbon from biogenic humic substances in soil clay fractions

Laird, David A.; Chappell, Mark A.; Martens, Dean A.; Wershaw, Robert L.; Thompson, Michael L.

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.10.025

Cited by 56 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Kaal et al (2008) found that aged charcoal in soils afforded benzenes, PAHs, carbohydrates, N-compounds and lipids. Similar results were obtained by Laird et al (2008). They hypothesized that as the BC particles, which were charcoal formed originally during prairie fires, aged in soil anomeric and aliphatic C may accumulate in the BC particles either by adsorption of dissolved biogenic compounds from the soil solution or by direct deposition.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Effects of humic acid and lipid on the sorption of phenanthrene on char

Wen

Huang

et al. 2009

Geoderma

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Effects of humic acid and lipid on the sorption of phenanthrene on char

Wen

Huang

et al. 2009

Geoderma

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“…13 C-CP-SSNMR spectra of AZ show that labile C is largely composed of humic material (e.g. Laird et al 2008). The ~50% mass loss during NaOH treatment shows this comprises a large proportion of the sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydropyrolysis: Implications for Radiocarbon Pretreatment and Characterization of Black Carbon

et al. 2010

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ABSTRACT.Charcoal is the result of natural and anthropogenic burning events, when biomass is exposed to elevated temperatures under conditions of restricted oxygen. This process produces a range of materials, collectively known as pyrogenic carbon, the most inert fraction of which is known as black carbon (BC). BC degrades extremely slowly and is resistant to diagenetic alteration involving the addition of exogenous carbon, making it a useful target substance for radiocarbon dating particularly of more ancient samples, where contamination issues are critical. We present results of tests using a new method for the quantification and isolation of BC, known as hydropyrolysis (hypy). Results show controlled reductive removal of non-BC organic components in charcoal samples, including lignocellulosic and humic material. The process is reproducible and rapid, making hypy a promising new approach not only for isolation of purified BC for 14 C measurement but also in quantification of different labile and resistant sample C fractions.

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“…During thermal analysis pyrolysis products formed by incomplete combustion of a component may produce ''ghost peaks'' at higher temperatures [36], explaining the broad nature of the exotherm in DSC profile along the temperature range 350-450°C along with the low modifications experienced a low temperature.…”

Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of analytical techniques for evaluating food waste degradation by anaerobic digestion

Gómez

Cuetos

Tartakovsky

et al. 2009

Bioprocess Biosyst Eng

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Organic matter contained in food waste was degraded by anaerobic digestion under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions at two hydraulic retention times. Evolution of the digestion process was followed by thermogravimetry analysis, fluorescence spectroscopy and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance. All analytical methods suggested that longer retention times might be required for food waste stabilization under mesophilic conditions as compared to thermophilic stabilization. All the analytical methods showed that the stabilization process consisted of two steps, where complex organic molecules were formed during initial stabilization and then digested providing sufficient hydraulic retention time. Longer hydraulic retention times were required for food waste stabilization under mesophilic conditions. Overall, thermal and (1)H NMR analyses of the digestate samples might be recommended if more detailed analysis is required, while fluorescence measurements can be used as a fast screening technique, which provides qualitative assessment of the stabilization process.

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Distinguishing black carbon from biogenic humic substances in soil clay fractions

Cited by 56 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of humic acid and lipid on the sorption of phenanthrene on char

Effects of humic acid and lipid on the sorption of phenanthrene on char

Hydropyrolysis: Implications for Radiocarbon Pretreatment and Characterization of Black Carbon

A comparison of analytical techniques for evaluating food waste degradation by anaerobic digestion

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