Distinctiveness and serial position effects in tonal sequences

Surprenant, Aimée M.

doi:10.3758/bf03194434

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…If the subjects were visually, as well as auditorily, coding these items, then it would be no surprise to find SPFs that resembled visual SPFs. Another auditory experiment used lists of five different tones (Surprenant, 2001). Tone lists were presented in pairs, and the two lists were identical on half the trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference processes in monkey auditory list memory

Wright¹,

Roediger

2003

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

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A rhesus monkey's memory was tested for single items and four-item lists of natural and environmental sounds. Memory items were presented from a center speaker, followed by a retention delay and then a choice response to a test sound presented simultaneously from two side speakers. Recognition of the last item of four-item lists was much poorer than that of single items at 0-, 1-, and 2-sec delays, despite there being the same temporal relations between study and test. This result showed that the first three items proactively interferedwith memory of the last list item. Proactive interferencedissipated after 2 sec, revealing a recency effect that eventually equaled single-item performance. Recognition of the first item of four-item lists was much poorer than single items at 20-and 30-sec delays, showing that the last three items retroactively interfered with memory of the first list item. The results point to the critical nature of interference processes in the understanding of serial position functions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference processes in monkey auditory list memory

Wright¹,

Roediger

2003

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

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“…As Dittrich and Oberfeld (2009) suggested, the primacy effect observed for the flat level profile could be explained by assuming that the segment levels are processed as serially sorted information, analogous to item lists in working memory (e.g., Postman & Phillips, 1965), where the characteristic serial position curve is observed. It has been suggested that the primacy and the recency effects observed in such experiments can be explained by temporal distinctiveness (e.g., Mondor & Morin, 2004;Murdock, 1960;Neath, 1993;Surprenant, 2001). According to this concept, beginning and end items of the stimuli have only one neighboring item and, therefore, are more distinct, resulting in better discriminability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The temporal weighting of loudness: effects of the level profile

Oberfeld

Plank

2010

Atten Percept Psychophys

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In four experiments, we studied the influence of the level profile of time-varying sounds on temporal perceptual weights for loudness. The sounds consisted of contiguous wideband noise segments on which independent random-level perturbations were imposed. Experiment 1 showed that in sounds with a flat level profile, the first segment receives the highest weight (primacy effect). If, however, a gradual increase in level (fade-in) was imposed on the first few segments, the temporal weights showed a delayed primacy effect: The first unattenuated segment received the highest weight, while the fade-in segments were virtually ignored. This pattern argues against a capture of attention to the onset as the origin of the primacy effect. Experiment 2 demonstrated that listeners adjust their temporal weights to the level profile on a trial-by-trial basis. Experiment 3 ruled out potentially inferior intensity resolution at lower levels as the cause of the delayed primacy effect. Experiment 4 showed that the weighting patterns cannot be explained by perceptual segmentation of the sounds into a variable and a stable part. The results are interpreted in terms of memory and attention processes. We demonstrate that the prediction of loudness can be improved significantly by allowing for nonuniform temporal weights.

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“…Finally, since those authors motivated by theories of memory have speculated on the "distinctiveness" of certain events in the temporal sequence, such as the beginning and end of a sound ͑Neath et al., 2006;Surprenant, 2001͒, in Experiment 2 additional distinct events shall be experimentally induced by abruptly changing the spectral content of the sound to be judged. In particular, noise sequences will be designed that instantaneously shift from a low-pass to a highpass characteristic ͑and vice versa͒ in the middle of the temporal sequence.…”

Section: Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal weights in the level discrimination of time-varying sounds

Pedersen

Ellermeier

2008

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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To determine how listeners weight different portions of the signal when integrating level information, they were presented with 1-s noise samples the levels of which randomly changed every 100 ms by repeatedly, and independently, drawing from a normal distribution. A given stimulus could be derived from one of two such distributions, a decibel apart, and listeners had to classify each sound as belonging to the "soft" or "loud" group. Subsequently, logistic regression analyses were used to determine to what extent each of the ten temporal segments contributed to the overall judgment. In Experiment 1, a nonoptimal weighting strategy was found that emphasized the beginning, and, to a lesser extent, the ending of the sounds. When listeners received trial-by-trial feedback, however, they approached equal weighting of all stimulus components. In Experiment 2, a spectral change was introduced in the middle of the stimulus sequence, changing from low-pass to high-pass noise, and vice versa. The temporal location of the stimulus change was strongly weighted, much as a new onset. These findings are not accounted for by current models of loudness or intensity discrimination, but are consistent with the idea that temporal weighting in loudness judgments is driven by salient events.

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Distinctiveness and serial position effects in tonal sequences

Cited by 22 publications

References 51 publications

Interference processes in monkey auditory list memory

Interference processes in monkey auditory list memory

The temporal weighting of loudness: effects of the level profile

Temporal weights in the level discrimination of time-varying sounds

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