Distinct thermal migration behaviors in response to different thermal gradients in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>

Jurado, Paola; Kodama, Eiji; Tanizawa, Yoshinori; Mori, Ikue

doi:10.1111/j.1601-183x.2009.00549.x

Cited by 55 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…We reared all worms at 23°C and tested them on the gradient from 17 to 23°C, because this condition showed high variation among strains in our initial assays (Fig.2C) and is similar to conditions used in other studies Jurado et al, 2010). All strains from the 'Tropical' and 'Nairobi' phylogeographic groups were consistently cryophilic (Fig.4).…”

Section: Thermotaxis Within and Among Clades Of C Briggsaementioning

confidence: 91%

“…Caenorhabditis elegans strains from Hawaii (CB4856) and California (CB4858) have different thermotaxis behaviour than the Bristol N2 strain: the Hawaiian strain tends to prefer colder temperatures (Anderson et al, 2007;Jurado et al, 2010;Anderson et al, 2011) and the Californian strain behaves similarly to N2 except when assayed on steep gradients (1.2°Ccm -1 ), where it remains thermophilic even when reared at high temperature (Jurado et al, 2010). Few other differences have been reported among the seven additional C. elegans wild isolates that were examined for thermal preferences (Anderson et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On a thermal gradient, C. elegans move towards their cultivation temperature via a biased random-walk strategy, a behaviour known as thermotaxis (Hedgecock and Russell, 1975;Mori and Ohshima, 1995;Ryu and Samuel, 2002;Zariwala et al, 2003). Caenorhabditis elegans worms are amenable to cryophilic thermotaxis under most experimental conditions, whereas thermophilic thermotaxis depends on the steepness of the gradient and the relative starting position of worms on the gradient (Ramot et al, 2008;Jurado et al, 2010). When close to the preferred temperature on a thermal gradient, individual C. elegans animals are capable of long runs with minor heading adjustments to follow isotherms, a behaviour known as isothermal tracking (Mori and Ohshima, 1995;Ryu and Samuel, 2002;Luo et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature-dependent behaviours are genetically variable in the nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae

Stegeman

Mesquita

Ryu

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Temperature-dependent behaviours inCaenorhabditis elegans, such as thermotaxis and isothermal tracking, are complex behavioural responses that integrate sensation, foraging and learning, and have driven investigations to discover many essential genetic and neural pathways. The ease of manipulation of the Caenorhabditis model system also has encouraged its application to comparative analyses of phenotypic evolution, particularly contrasts of the classic model C. elegans with C. briggsae. And yet few studies have investigated natural genetic variation in behaviour in any nematode. Here we measure thermotaxis and isothermal tracking behaviour in genetically distinct strains of C. briggsae, further motivated by the latitudinal differentiation in C. briggsae that is associated with temperature-dependent fitness differences in this species. We demonstrate that C. briggsae performs thermotaxis and isothermal tracking largely similar to that of C. elegans, with a tendency to prefer its rearing temperature. Comparisons of these behaviours among strains reveal substantial heritable natural variation within each species that corresponds to three general patterns of behavioural response. However, intraspecific genetic differences in thermal behaviour often exceed interspecific differences. These patterns of temperature-dependent behaviour motivate further development of C. briggsae as a model system for dissecting the genetic underpinnings of complex behavioural traits. Supplementary material available online at

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Section: Thermotaxis Within and Among Clades Of C Briggsaementioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Temperature-dependent behaviours are genetically variable in the nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae

Stegeman

Mesquita

Ryu

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Discrepancies in thermotaxis behavior arise as the result of procedural differences. Importantly, thermophilic migration is not observed upon initial transfer to the gradient, in steep temperature gradients, or if the worm is placed too far from the cultivation temperature (Ito et al 2006;Jurado et al 2009). However, directed movement up and down temperature gradients can be considered a stable and generalized behavior.…”

Section: Smell As the Conditioned Stimulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

An elegant mind: Learning and memory in Caenorhabditis elegans

Ardiel¹,

Rankin²

2010

Learn. Mem.

275

191

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This article reviews the literature on learning and memory in the soil-dwelling nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Paradigms include nonassociative learning, associative learning, and imprinting, as worms have been shown to habituate to mechanical and chemical stimuli, as well as learn the smells, tastes, temperatures, and oxygen levels that predict aversive chemicals or the presence or absence of food. In each case, the neural circuit underlying the behavior has been at least partially described, and forward and reverse genetics are being used to elucidate the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. Several genes have been identified with no known role other than mediating behavior plasticity.Historically, it was believed that even if they were capable of learning, the nervous systems of invertebrates were too different to be instructive on human cognition. In the 1960s, Kandel and colleagues began studying learning in the marine mollusc Aplysia (Kandel and Tauc 1965). Using this system, they were able to relate behavioral plasticity to changes at specific synapses of identified neurons, and began a biochemical analysis of these neuronal changes, uncovering a role for cAMP, PKA, and CREB. In the 1970s, Benzer and colleagues began a genetic dissection of learning in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (Quinn et al. 1974;Dudai et al. 1976). They established an associative learning assay (Quinn et al. 1974) and conducted a forward genetic screen, identifying the first learning mutant, dunce (Dudai et al. 1976). Since then, many genes have been cloned, and the biological basis of learning has proven to be highly conserved (Barco et al. 2006;Skoulakis and Grammenoudi 2006). Today there is no question as to the relevance of invertebrate research in the field of learning and memory.At about the same time that Kandel was beginning his work with Aplysia, Sydney Brenner chose Caenorhabditis elegans as the organism in which to study development and the nervous system (Brenner 1974). Today this transparent nematode is the world's best understood animal. It's small size ( 1 mm), short life cycle (,3 d), and ease of cultivation make it perfect for the laboratory, and its mode of reproduction is ideal for genetic analysis-selffertilizing hermaphrodites can be easily inbred or crossed with males. The genome has been mapped and sequenced, and there are thousands of mutants and RNAi constructs readily available for researchers. Furthermore, C. elegans has an invariant cell lineage and relatively simple morphology-959 cells make up the entire adult hermaphrodite (Sulston and Horvitz 1977;Sulston et al. 1983). Using serial section electron micrographs, White et al. (1986) were able to construct a neural wiring diagram of the hermaphrodite's 302 neurons. They found about 5000 chemical synapses, 600 gap junctions, and 2000 neuromuscular junctions, the location of which were fairly consistent between animals. With its invariant cell lineage and reproducible connectome, C. elegans was initially viewed as a genetically hardwired ...

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“…11 Various thermotaxis studies have been performed with a gentle temperature gradient (~0.5 C/cm) [12][13][14][15][16] and also with more steeper gradients over 1 C/cm. 17,18 The steepness of the temperature gradient is an important factor for the thermotaxis of C. elegans. 19 When the temperature gradient is over 1 C/cm, the worms with low cultivation temperature show normal thermotaxis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Platform for Analyzing the Thermotaxis of C. elegans in a Linear Temperature Gradient

et al. 2017

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Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), which shares a considerable amount of characteristics with human genes is one of the important model organisms for the study of behavioral responses. Thermotaxis is a representative behavior response of C. elegans; C. elegans stores the cultivation temperature in thermosensory neurons and moves to the cultivation temperature region in a temperature variation. In this study, we developed a microfluidic system for effective thermotaxis analysis of C. elegans. The microfluidic channel was fabricated using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by soft lithography process. The temperature gradient (15 -20 C) was generated in the microchannel and controlled by Peltier modules attached to the bottom of the channel. The thermotaxis of wild type (N2), tax-4(p678) and ttx-7(nj50) mutants were effectively analyzed using this microfluidic system. We believe that this system can be employed as a basic platform for studying the neural circuit of C. elegans responding to external stimuli.

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Distinct thermal migration behaviors in response to different thermal gradients in Caenorhabditis elegans

Cited by 55 publications

References 24 publications

Temperature-dependent behaviours are genetically variable in the nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae

Temperature-dependent behaviours are genetically variable in the nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae

An elegant mind: Learning and memory in Caenorhabditis elegans

Microfluidic Platform for Analyzing the Thermotaxis of C. elegans in a Linear Temperature Gradient

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