Distinct Replication Requirements for the Two Vibrio cholerae Chromosomes

Egan, Elizabeth S.; Waldor, Matthew K.

doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00611-1

Cited by 155 publications

(246 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…In fact, reduced costs of plasmid carriage may have been the driving force for the creation of secondary chromosomes in many bacteria. Such chromosomes often have plasmid-like features and are ubiquitous in some bacterial clades (Egan and Waldor, 2003;Slater et al, 2009). Accordingly, recent work shows that the very largest plasmids have lost mobility and acquired essential genes (Smillie et al, in preparation).…”

Section: Box 1 Modelling Plasmid Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

What traits are carried on mobile genetic elements, and why?

2010

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Section: Box 1 Modelling Plasmid Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

What traits are carried on mobile genetic elements, and why?

2010

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“…cholerae is a Gram-negative enteric pathogen that causes the diarrhoeal disease cholera (Kaper et al, 1995). DNA adenine methylation has been reported in V. cholerae, and a role of the V. cholerae DNA adenine methyltransferase (Dam) in virulence (Julio et al, 2001) and chromosome replication (Egan & Waldor, 2003) has been demonstrated. Although V. cholerae possesses an efficient Dam-directed mismatch repair pathway (Bera et al, 1989), it lacks homologues of Escherichia coli Dcm and Vsr endonuclease (Bhakat et al, 1999), known to be associated with the very short patch (VSP) repair system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An orphan DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase in Vibrio cholerae

Banerjee

Chowdhury

2006

Microbiology

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5-Methyl cytosine (m5C) was detected in genomic DNA of the enteric pathogen Vibrio cholerae by HPLC analysis and immunoblotting with m5C-specific antibody. Although cleavage with the restriction endonuclease EcoRII revealed the absence of a Dcm homologue in V. cholerae, analysis of the genome sequence indicated the presence of a gene, designated in this study as vchM, which encodes a DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase (m5C-MTase) designated M.Vch. M.Vch is not associated with a restriction endonuclease or a mismatch very short patch repair (Vsr)-like endonuclease and is hence an 'orphan' or solitary MTase, although analysis of a phylogenetic tree indicated that related cytosine MTases are all components of restriction-modification systems. M.Vch recognizes and methylates the first 59 C in the degenerate sequence 59-RCCGGY-39. RT-PCR analysis suggested that vchM gene expression is increased during the stationary phase of growth. During stationary phase, the spontaneous mutation frequency in the V. cholerae wild-type strain was significantly higher than in the corresponding vchM mutant strain, suggesting that the presence of M.Vch and the absence of a very short patch (VSP) repair-like system imposes upon V. cholerae a mutator phenotype.

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“…Unlike the genome of E. coli, which has one chromosome, that of P. profundum SS9 is similar to those of other members of the family Vibrionaceae and consists of two chromosomes (26). In Vibrio cholerae, the replication of both chromosomes occurs through two different mechanisms (11). For example, V. cholerae chromosome I replication is dependent upon DnaA and is thought to use a mechanism similar to that used by E. coli (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Vibrio cholerae, the replication of both chromosomes occurs through two different mechanisms (11). For example, V. cholerae chromosome I replication is dependent upon DnaA and is thought to use a mechanism similar to that used by E. coli (11). In contrast, the replication of V. cholerae chromosome II involves a DnaA-independent mechanism (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Importance of Proteins Controlling Initiation of DNA Replication in the Growth of the High-Pressure-Loving Bacterium Photobacterium profundum SS9

et al. 2009

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The molecular mechanism(s) by which deep-sea bacteria grow optimally under high hydrostatic pressure at low temperatures is poorly understood. To gain further insight into the mechanism(s), a previous study screened transposon mutant libraries of the deep-sea bacterium Photobacterium profundum SS9 and identified mutants which exhibited alterations in growth at high pressure relative to that of the parent strain. Two of these mutants, FL23 (PBPRA3229::mini-Tn10) and FL28 (PBPRA1039::mini-Tn10), were found to have highpressure sensitivity and enhanced-growth phenotypes, respectively. The PBPRA3229 and PBPRA1039 genes encode proteins which are highly similar to Escherichia coli DiaA, a positive regulator, and SeqA, a negative regulator, respectively, of the initiation of DNA replication. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that PBPRA3229 and PBPRA1039 encode DiaA and SeqA homologs, respectively. Consistent with this, we determined that the plasmid-carried PBPRA3229 and PBPRA1039 genes restored synchrony to the initiation of DNA replication in E. coli mutants lacking DiaA and SeqA, respectively. Additionally, PBPRA3229 restored the cold sensitivity phenotype of an E. coli dnaA(Cs) diaA double mutant whereas PBPRA1039 suppressed the cold sensitivity phenotype of an E. coli dnaA(Cs) single mutant. Taken together, these findings show that the genes disrupted in FL23 and FL28 encode DiaA and SeqA homologs, respectively. Consequently, our findings add support to a model whereby high pressure affects the initiation of DNA replication in P. profundum SS9 and either the presence of a positive regulator (DiaA) or the removal of a negative regulator (SeqA) promotes growth under these conditions. Despite the fact that more than 70% of the earth's surface is covered by oceans, which have an average temperature of 3°C and exert an average hydrostatic pressure of 38 MPa (atmospheric pressure is ϳ0.1 MPa), little is understood about the molecular basis of cold-and high-pressure-adapted deepocean life. The discovery and isolation of the pyschrotolerant facultative piezophile (high-pressure-loving organism) Photobacterium profundum SS9 (8) have made it possible to more readily address the mechanisms of piezophilic growth at cold temperatures (for a recent review, see reference 3). P. profundum SS9 is a gammaproteobacterium originally isolated from an amphipod homogenate obtained from the Sulu Sea in the Philippines at a depth of 2.5 km and a temperature of 9°C (8). Although it grows optimally at 28 MPa and 15°C, P. profundum SS9 can also grow over a wide range of pressures (0.1 to 90 MPa) and temperatures (2 to 20°C). The ability to grow at atmospheric pressure has made P. profundum SS9 more amenable to genetic manipulation than obligate piezophiles. The P. profundum SS9 genome has been sequenced and annotated (26) and consists of two chromosomes and an 80-kb plasmid. It was determined that the 80-kb plasmid is nonessential for the piezophilic growth of P. profundum SS9 (26

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Distinct Replication Requirements for the Two Vibrio cholerae Chromosomes

Cited by 155 publications

References 36 publications

What traits are carried on mobile genetic elements, and why?

What traits are carried on mobile genetic elements, and why?

An orphan DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase in Vibrio cholerae

Importance of Proteins Controlling Initiation of DNA Replication in the Growth of the High-Pressure-Loving Bacterium Photobacterium profundum SS9

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