Distinct patterns of thought mediate the link between brain functional connectome and psychological well-being

Vatansever, Deniz; Karapanagiotidis, Theodoros; Margulies, Daniel S.; Jefferies, Elizabeth; Smallwood, Jonathan

doi:10.1101/762344

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…They found several patterns of ongoing cognition that were similar across tasks, and identified regularities in the order with which the hidden cognitive states emerge. Our study builds on these findings by applying a temporal decomposition method to neural data recorded during a period of wakeful rest, a situation which has a high prevalence of self-generated mentation (Smallwood et al, 2009) and in which prior studies have successfully linked neural activity to retrospective reports of experience (Gorgolewski et al, 2014;Maillet et al, 2018;Vatansever et al, 2019). Our aim was to determine whether the application of advanced machine learning methods on neural data revealed states that had reliable associations with an individual's self-reported experience during that period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The psychological correlates of distinct neural states occurring during wakeful rest

Karapanagiotidis

Vidaurre

Quinn

et al. 2019

Preprint

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When unoccupied by an explicit external task, humans engage in a wide range of different types of self-generated thinking. These are often unrelated to the immediate environment and have unique psychological features. Although contemporary perspectives on ongoing thought recognise the heterogeneity of these self-generated states, we lack both a clear understanding of how to classify the specific states, and how they can be mapped empirically. In the current study, we capitalise on advances in machine learning that allow continuous neural data to be divided into a set of distinct temporally re-occurring patterns, or states. We applied this technique to a large set of resting state data in which we also acquired retrospective descriptions of the participants' experiences during the scan. We found that two of the identified states were predictive of patterns of thinking at rest. One state highlighted a pattern of neural activity commonly seen during demanding tasks, and the time individuals spent in this state was associated with descriptions of experience focused on problem solving in the future. A second state was associated with patterns of activity that are commonly seen under less demanding conditions, and the time spent in it was linked to reports of negative rumination. Finally, we found that these two neural states tended to fall at either end of a neural hierarchy that is thought to reflect the brain's response to cognitive demands. Together, these results demonstrate that approaches which take advantage of time-varying changes in neural function can play an important role in understanding the repertoire of self-generated states. Moreover, they establish that important features of self-generated ongoing experience are related to variation along a similar vein to those seen when the brain responds to cognitive task demands.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The psychological correlates of distinct neural states occurring during wakeful rest

Karapanagiotidis

Vidaurre

Quinn

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…That is not the case, though. Mind wandering can include both internally and externally oriented cognition contents like self-referential and sensory-imagery contents and extends beyond the DMN by including non-DMN regions (Christoff and others 2009b; Christoff and others 2016; Dixon and others 2014; Rostami and others 2021; Smallwood and Schooler 2015; Sormaz and others 2018; Turnbull and others 2019; Vanhaudenhuyse and others 2011; Vatansever and others 2019; Yeshurun and others 2021).…”

Section: Part I: Dual Model—dualities Of Rest Versus Task Dmn Versus ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ongoing Brain Activity and Its Role in Cognition: Dual versus Baseline Models

et al. 2022

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What is the role of the brain’s ongoing activity for cognition? The predominant perspectives associate ongoing brain activity with resting state, the default-mode network (DMN), and internally oriented mentation. This triad is often contrasted with task states, non-DMN brain networks, and externally oriented mentation, together comprising a “dual model” of brain and cognition. In opposition to this duality, however, we propose that ongoing brain activity serves as a neuronal baseline; this builds upon Raichle’s original search for the default mode of brain function that extended beyond the canonical default-mode brain regions. That entails what we refer to as the “baseline model.” Akin to an internal biological clock for the rest of the organism, the ongoing brain activity may serve as an internal point of reference or standard by providing a shared neural code for the brain’s rest as well as task states, including their associated cognition. Such shared neural code is manifest in the spatiotemporal organization of the brain’s ongoing activity, including its global signal topography and dynamics like intrinsic neural timescales. We conclude that recent empirical evidence supports a baseline model over the dual model; the ongoing activity provides a global shared neural code that allows integrating the brain’s rest and task states, its DMN and non-DMN, and internally and externally oriented cognition.

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Distinct patterns of thought mediate the link between brain functional connectome and psychological well-being

Cited by 2 publications

References 91 publications

The psychological correlates of distinct neural states occurring during wakeful rest

The psychological correlates of distinct neural states occurring during wakeful rest

Ongoing Brain Activity and Its Role in Cognition: Dual versus Baseline Models

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