Distinct mechanisms govern recalibration to audio-visual discrepancies in remote and recent history

Watson, David; Akeroyd, Michael A.; Roach, Neil W.; Webb, Ben S.

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44984-9

Cited by 24 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In terms of the temporal profile, the large immediate VAE and smaller persistent VAE observed here are generally consistent with the observations of multiple distinct cross-modal recalibration mechanisms reported in the horizontal VAE studies (Bosen, Fleming, Allen, O'Neill, & Paige, 2018;Watson, Akeroyd, Roach, & Webb, 2019). However, a signle adaptation mechanism cannot be ruled out for the current results given that the current study was not specifically designed to examine this question.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Audio-visual interactions in egocentric distance perception: Ventriloquism effect and aftereffect

Hládek

Seitz

Kopčo

2020

Preprint

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The processes of audio-visual integration and of visually-guided re-calibration of auditory distance perception are not well understood. Here, the ventriloquism effect (VE) and aftereffect (VAE) were used to study these processes in a real reverberant environment. Auditory and audio-visual (AV) stimuli were presented, in interleaved trials, over a range of distances from 0.7 to 2.04 m in front of the listener, whose task was to judge the distance of auditory stimuli or of the auditory components of AV stimuli. The relative location of the visual and auditory components of AV stimuli was fixed within a session such that the visual component was presented from distance 30% closer (V-closer) than the auditory component, 30% farther (V-farther), or aligned (V-aligned). The study examined the strength of VE and VAE as a function of the reference distance and of the direction of the visual component displacement, and the temporal profile of the build-up/break-down of these effects. All observed effects were approximately independent of target distance when expressed in logarithmic units. The VE strength, measured in the AV trials, was roughly constant for both directions of visual-component displacement such that, on average, the responses shifted in the direction of the visual component by 72% of the audio-visual disparity. The VAE strength, measured on the interleaved auditory-only trials, was stronger in the V-farther than the V-closer condition (44% vs. 31% of the audio-visual disparity, respectively). The VAE persisted to post-adaptation auditory-only blocks of trials, however it was weaker and the V-farther/V-closer asymmetry was reduced. The rates of build-up/break-down of the VAE were also asymmetrical, with slower adaptation in the V-closer condition. These results suggest that, on a logarithmic scale, the AV distance integration is symmetrical, independent of the direction of induced shift, while the visually-induced auditory distance re-callibration is asymmetrical, stronger and faster when evoked by more distant visual stimuli.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Audio-visual interactions in egocentric distance perception: Ventriloquism effect and aftereffect

Hládek

Seitz

Kopčo

2020

Preprint

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“…We found that prestimulus alpha activity predicts the degree of biasedness to perception after prolonged temporal recalibration, but does not mediate trial-by-trial recalibration, i.e., the influence of a previous response on behavior (Van der Burg et al, 2013). This suggests that distinct mechanisms underlie prolonged and single-trial recalibration, a conclusion supported by psychophysical experiments in the temporal (Van der Burg et al, 2015) and the spatial domains Röder, 2015, 2019;Watson et al, 2019). A role of alpha activity in reflecting an individual's overall perceptual tendency without interacting with trial-by-trial dependencies is also supported by a recent study on multisensory integration (Rohe et al, 2019).…”

Section: The Apparent Asymmetry Of Temporal Recalibrationmentioning

confidence: 64%

Alpha Activity Reflects the Magnitude of an Individual Bias in Human Perception

Grabot

Kayser

2020

J. Neurosci.

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Biases in sensory perception can arise from both experimental manipulations and personal trait-like features. These idiosyncratic biases and their neural underpinnings are often overlooked in studies on the physiology underlying perception. A potential candidate mechanism reflecting such idiosyncratic biases could be spontaneous alpha band activity, a prominent brain rhythm known to influence perceptual reports in general. Using a temporal order judgment task, we here tested the hypothesis that alpha power reflects the overcoming of an idiosyncratic bias. Importantly, to understand the interplay between idiosyncratic biases and contextual (temporary) biases induced by experimental manipulations, we quantified this relation before and after temporal recalibration. Using EEG recordings in human participants (male and female), we find that prestimulus frontal alpha power correlates with the tendency to respond relative to an own idiosyncratic bias, with stronger a leading to responses matching the bias. In contrast, alpha power does not predict response correctness. These results also hold after temporal recalibration and are specific to the alpha band, suggesting that alpha band activity reflects, directly or indirectly, processes that help to overcome an individual's momentary bias in perception. We propose that combined with established roles of parietal a in the encoding of sensory information frontal a reflects complementary mechanisms influencing perceptual decisions.

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“…We found that pre-stimulus alpha power predicts biased perception after temporal recalibration, but does not mediate the effect of previous responses on behavior, suggesting that dissociated mechanisms underlie prolonged and single-trial recalibration. There is evidence from psychophysical experiments supporting this hypothesis in the temporal (Van der Burg, Alais, & Cass, 2015) and the spatial domain (Bruns & Röder, 2015;Bruns & Röder, 2017;Watson, Akeroyd, Roach, & S.Webb, 2019). A recent neuroimaging study showed that pre-stimulus alpha power predicted the tendency to bind audiovisual events, but played no role in mediating the influence of the recent history (Rohe, Ehlis, & Noppeney, 2019).…”

Section: Distinct Mechanisms Mediating Prolonged and Single-trial Recmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha Activity Reflects the Magnitude of an Individual Bias in Human Perception

Grabot

Kayser

2019

Preprint

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Biases in sensory perception can arise from both experimental manipulations and personal traitlike features. These idiosyncratic biases and their neural underpinnings are often overlooked in studies on the physiology underlying perception. A potential candidate mechanism mediating such idiosyncratic biases is spontaneous alpha activity, a prominent brain rhythm known to influence the processing of upcoming information in general. Using a time perception task, we here tested the hypothesis that alpha power reflects the compensation for an idiosyncratic bias. Importantly, to understand the interplay between idiosyncratic biases and contextual (temporary) biases induced by experimental manipulations, we quantified this relation before and after temporal recalibration. Using EEG recordings in human participants, we found that pre-stimulus alpha power correlates with the tendency to respond relative to an own idiosyncratic bias, with stronger alpha leading to responses matching the bias. In contrast, alpha power did not predict response correctness. These results also held after temporal recalibration and were specific to the alpha band, suggesting that alpha power indexes the cognitive effort to overcome an individual's momentary bias in perception. Significance statementThe brain is a biased organ, frequently generating systematically distorted percepts of the world, leading each of us to evolve in our own subjective reality. However, such biases are often overlooked or considered noise when studying the neural mechanisms underlying perception. We show that spontaneous alpha band activity predicts the degree of biasedness of human choices in a time perception task, suggesting that alpha power indexes the effort needed to overcome an individual's idiosyncratic bias. This result provides a window onto the neural underpinnings of subjective perception, and offers the possibility to quantify or manipulate such priors in future studies.

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Distinct mechanisms govern recalibration to audio-visual discrepancies in remote and recent history

Cited by 24 publications

References 45 publications

Audio-visual interactions in egocentric distance perception: Ventriloquism effect and aftereffect

Audio-visual interactions in egocentric distance perception: Ventriloquism effect and aftereffect

Alpha Activity Reflects the Magnitude of an Individual Bias in Human Perception

Alpha Activity Reflects the Magnitude of an Individual Bias in Human Perception

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