“…First, common anthropogenic modifications can interactively control fungal community assembly ( 44 ), In this case, the phyllosphere habitat is more susceptible to anthropogenic influences compared to the root and soil habitats. Second, when the environmental conditions are spatially heterogeneous, increased stochasticity can reduce the importance of deterministic filters ( 44 ), and local environmental filtering (i.e., climate and/or plant traits) could have an important role in structuring fungal communities ( 45 ). Therefore, stochastic factors, such as random airborne dispersal, random disturbances, the priority effect, and atmospheric environmental conditions, such as solar radiation, humidity, and temperature, are critical for shaping the fungal communities that inhabit plant leaves ( 46 ).…”