Distinct eye movement patterns enhance dynamic visual acuity

Palidis, Dimitrios J.; Wyder-Hodge, Pearson A.; Fooken, Jolande; Spering, Miriam

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0172061

Cited by 42 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The measurement of instantaneous eye velocity is therefore dissociable from the representation of the target movement that is used for interception. The correlation that has previously been reported 6,35,36 could be explained by the fact that overall performance of pursuit and interception behavior might both depend on how well one can predict future target movements. Predictions are necessary for both oculomotor 38–40 and interception control 41 so a correlation between those broad measures might not come as a surprise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Whether the quality of tracking is related to performance in interception tasks is still under debate. Some studies have shown a relationship between strategic eye movement behavior and task performance 6,35,36 , whereas others report a benefit of tracking but no correlation between tracking accuracy and task performance 8,37 . To test whether we could use the eye velocity on individual trials to predict the interception error on those trials, we estimated the gaze velocity 100 ms before the tap by taking the mean of the velocity between 120 and 80 ms before the tap, subtracting the target velocity from this, and multiplying the outcome (a measure of pursuit error) by 0.1 s. Our results show that neither this error measure based of eye velocity nor the (signed) gaze position error at the crucial moment, 100 ms before the tap, is predictive of the interception error (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corrective saccades influence velocity judgments and interception

Goettker

Brenner

Gegenfurtner

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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In daily life we often interact with moving objects in tasks that involve analyzing visual motion, like catching a ball. To do so successfully we track objects with our gaze, using a combination of smooth pursuit and saccades. Previous work has shown that the occurrence and direction of corrective saccades leads to changes in the perceived velocity of moving objects. Here we investigate whether such changes lead to equivalent biases in interception. Participants had to track moving targets with their gaze, and in separate sessions either judge the targets’ velocities or intercept them by tapping on them. We separated trials in which target movements were tracked with pure pursuit from trials in which identical target movements were tracked with a combination of pursuit and corrective saccades. Our results show that interception errors are shifted in accordance with the observed influence of corrective saccades on velocity judgments. Furthermore, while the time at which corrective saccades occurred did not affect velocity judgments, it did influence their effect in the interception task. Corrective saccades around 100 ms before the tap had a stronger effect on the endpoint error than earlier saccades. This might explain why participants made earlier corrective saccades in the interception task.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrective saccades influence velocity judgments and interception

Goettker

Brenner

Gegenfurtner

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Eye-movements may therefore be a proxy for cognitive function in mTBI, but without assessment and controlling for cognitive function within eye-movement analysis these links may be missed (Stuart et al, 2014a ). Similarly, impairments in basic visual functions, such as visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, have been found to lead to abnormal eye-movement performance (Williams et al, 1995 ; Gottlob et al, 1996 ; Palidis et al, 2017 ). Visual acuity deficits can be corrected with prescription glasses or contact lenses (Sloan, 1951 ), however the reviewed studies provided no details regarding whether participants used visual correction during testing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Measurement of Eye Movements in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Structured Review of an Emerging Area

Stuart

Parrington

Martini

et al. 2020

Front. Sports Act. Living

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Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), or concussion, occurs following a direct or indirect force to the head that causes a change in brain function. Many neurological signs and symptoms of mTBI can be subtle and transient, and some can persist beyond the usual recovery timeframe, such as balance, cognitive or sensory disturbance that may pre-dispose to further injury in the future. There is currently no accepted definition or diagnostic criteria for mTBI and therefore no single assessment has been developed or accepted as being able to identify those with an mTBI. Eye-movement assessment may be useful, as specific eye-movements and their metrics can be attributed to specific brain regions or functions, and eye-movement involves a multitude of brain regions. Recently, research has focused on quantitative eye-movement assessments using eye-tracking technology for diagnosis and monitoring symptoms of an mTBI. However, the approaches taken to objectively measure eye-movements varies with respect to instrumentation, protocols and recognition of factors that may influence results, such as cognitive function or basic visual function. This review aimed to examine previous work that has measured eye-movements within those with mTBI to inform the development of robust or standardized testing protocols. Medline/PubMed, CINAHL, PsychInfo and Scopus databases were searched. Twenty-two articles met inclusion/exclusion criteria and were reviewed, which examined saccades, smooth pursuits, fixations and nystagmus in mTBI compared to controls. Current methodologies for data collection, analysis and interpretation from eye-tracking technology in individuals following an mTBI are discussed. In brief, a wide range of eye-movement instruments and outcome measures were reported, but validity and reliability of devices and metrics were insufficiently reported across studies. Interpretation of outcomes was complicated by poor study reporting of demographics, mTBI-related features (e.g., time since injury), and few studies considered the influence that cognitive or visual functions may have on eye-movements. The reviewed evidence suggests that eye-movements are impaired in mTBI, but future research is required to accurately Stuart et al. Measurement of Eye-Movements in mTBI and robustly establish findings. Standardization and reporting of eye-movement instruments, data collection procedures, processing algorithms and analysis methods are required. Recommendations also include comprehensive reporting of demographics, mTBI-related features, and confounding variables.

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“…High-performance athletes appear to have superior visual abilities based on their capacity to access distinct visual skills, such as contrast sensitivity, dynamic acuity, stereoacuity, and ocular judgment, needed to accomplish interceptive actions (e.g., hand-eye coordination) and resolve fine spatial detail, which is required by many sports (94, 95). In addition, slow visuomotor reaction time (VMRT) has been associated with musculoskeletal injury risk in sporting situations where there are greater challenges to visual stimulus detection and motor response execution (96).…”

Section: Genes Associated With Sport Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sport Nutrigenomics: Personalized Nutrition for Athletic Performance

et al. 2019

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An individual's dietary and supplement strategies can influence markedly their physical performance. Personalized nutrition in athletic populations aims to optimize health, body composition, and exercise performance by targeting dietary recommendations to an individual's genetic profile. Sport dietitians and nutritionists have long been adept at placing additional scrutiny on the one-size-fits-all general population dietary guidelines to accommodate various sporting populations. However, generic “one-size-fits-all” recommendations still remain. Genetic differences are known to impact absorption, metabolism, uptake, utilization and excretion of nutrients and food bioactives, which ultimately affects a number of metabolic pathways. Nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics are experimental approaches that use genomic information and genetic testing technologies to examine the role of individual genetic differences in modifying an athlete's response to nutrients and other food components. Although there have been few randomized, controlled trials examining the effects of genetic variation on performance in response to an ergogenic aid, there is a growing foundation of research linking gene-diet interactions on biomarkers of nutritional status, which impact exercise and sport performance. This foundation forms the basis from which the field of sport nutrigenomics continues to develop. We review the science of genetic modifiers of various dietary factors that impact an athlete's nutritional status, body composition and, ultimately athletic performance.

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Distinct eye movement patterns enhance dynamic visual acuity

Cited by 42 publications

References 38 publications

Corrective saccades influence velocity judgments and interception

Corrective saccades influence velocity judgments and interception

The Measurement of Eye Movements in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Structured Review of an Emerging Area

Sport Nutrigenomics: Personalized Nutrition for Athletic Performance

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