Distinct expression patterns of two Arabidopsis phytocystatin genes, AtCYS1 and AtCYS2, during development and abiotic stresses

Hwang, Jin-Woo; Hong, Joon Ki; Lim, Chan Ju; Chen, Huan; Je, Jihyun; Yang, Kiyull; Kim, Dool Yi; Choi, Young Ju; Lee, Sang Yeol; Lim, Chae Oh

doi:10.1007/s00299-010-0876-y

Cited by 63 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Although cystatin family genes have been identified in some plant species, only a few cystatins in plants have been well characterized, which show their function in programmed cell death (Solomon et al 1999;Zhao et al 2013), seed germination (Hwang et al 2009), plant defense against pathogens (Belenghi et al 2003;Gutierrez-Campos et al 1999), response to insect attack (Goulet et al 2008;Konrad et al 2008) and abiotic environmental stresses (Hwang et al 2010). These works reveal that plant cystatins are crucial to several essential processes in plant development as described above, especially in the process of sexual plant reproduction and abiotic/biotic stresses, suggesting that cystatins are critical not only for plant vegetative growth, but also for plant fertility and seed formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide identification and characterization of cystatin family genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

et al. 2015

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11 Cystatin genes in rice were identified, and their expression patterns were comprehensively analyzed, which reveals multiple roles in both seed development and plant response to environmental variations. Cystatin is a group of small proteins and known to inhibit the activities of cysteine proteases in the papain C1A and legumain C13 peptidase families in plants. Cystatin family genes have only been well characterized recently in a few plant species such as Hordeum vulgare and Nicotiana tabacum, which show their critical roles in programmed cell death and responses to biotic stresses. Up to now, little is known about cystatin family genes and their roles in Oryza sativa, a model plant for cereal biology study. Here, we identified 11 cystatin genes in rice genome. Comprehensive expression profile analysis reveals that cystatin family genes in rice display diverse expression pattern. They are temporally regulated at different developmental stages during the process of seed production and germination. Our experiments also reveal that the majority of cystatin genes are responsive to plant hormones and different environmental cues including cold, drought and other abiotic stresses, while some others are very stable under different stresses, indicating their fundamental roles in normal plant development. In addition, their distribution in rice chromosomes and their evolutionary relation to the members of Cystatin family in A. thaliana and N. tabacum have also been analyzed. These works suggest multiple roles of cystatin family genes in both seed development and plant response to environmental variations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide identification and characterization of cystatin family genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

et al. 2015

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“…These genes and proteins are designed to protect cells from damage. The PhyCys are thought to help regulate endogenous processes and guard against the effects of various biotic or abiotic stresses (Gutierrez-Campos et al 1999;Arai et al 2002;Haq et al 2004;Valdés-Rodríguez et al 2007;Zhang et al 2008;Hwang et al 2010). We previously identified cystatin genes within the entire apple genome and monitored their transcription patterns in several tissues and in response to drought, low temperature, heat, ABA, and oxidative stress (Tan et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expression of PhyCys is also considered important for the acquisition of abiotic stress tolerance (van der Vyver et al 2003;Zhang et al 2008;Benchabane et al 2010;Hwang et al 2010;Wang et al 2012;Sun et al 2014). For example, transformed tobacco plants expressing the rice cystatin OC-I are more resistant to the negative impacts of chilling stress on photosynthesis (van der Vyver et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Phytocystatin Gene from Malus prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh., MpCYS5, Confers Salt Stress Tolerance and Functions in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Arabidopsis

et al. 2015

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Cystatins, or phytocystatins (PhyCys), comprise a family of plant-specific inhibitors of cysteine proteinases. They are thought to help regulate endogenous processes and protect plants against biotic or abiotic stresses, such as heat, salinity, cold, water deficit, chilling, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. We isolated and identified a novel cystatin gene from Malus prunifolia, MpCYS5. Its expression was typically induced by salt stress treatment; ectopic expression in Arabidopsis enhanced salt tolerance. Physiological parameters confirmed this phenotype, with the transgenics having remarkably lower electrolyte leakage (EL) values, higher chlorophyll concentrations, and lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) upon salt treatment. In addition, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species was markedly regulated by MpCYS5 under stress conditions, as shown by fluctuations in the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radicals and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. We also noted that this gene modulated tunicamycin (TM)-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress tolerance and functioned in the unfolded protein response (UPR)-signaling pathway in Arabidopsis. This was confirmed by the expression of eight ER stress-responsive genes. All marker genes examined were strongly induced in the wild type, while most of them maintained relatively stable over time in the transgenics. These results demonstrated that ectopic expression of a cystatin gene is associated with salttolerant and TM-tolerant phenotypes. Therefore, the discovery of MpCYS5 from M. prunifolia might establish a molecular link between the ER stress response and salt tolerance in plants.

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“…Notably, Gutiérrez-Campos et al (2001) suggested a mechanism for cysteine protease regulation by cystatins at the cytoplasmic level, leading to variations in the cellular differentiation and elongation processes. A previous study showed that cystatins are induced by harm (Hwang et al, 2010); thus, during the foliar infiltration process of MpNEP2, there may have been increased local expression of endogenous cystatins and reduced protein activity that induces necrosis. Previous studies showed that overexpression of AtCys1 inhibited PCD caused by increased hydrogen peroxide, among other factors (Belenghi et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TcCYS4, a cystatin from cocoa, reduces necrosis triggered by MpNEP2 in tobacco plants

Santana¹,

Costa²,

Pirovani³

et al. 2014

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. In Brazil, most cocoa bean production occurs in Southern Bahia. Witches' broom disease arrived in this area in 1989 and has since caused heavy losses in production. The disease is caused by the basidiomycete fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa, a hemibiotrophic fungus that produces the necrosis and ethylene-inducting protein (MpNEP2) during infection; this protein can activate cysteine proteases and induce programmed cell death. Cysteine proteases can be modulated by cystatin. In this study, we overexpressed TcCYS4, a cocoa cystatin, in tobacco plants and evaluated the effect on MpNEP2 in model plants. Tccys4 cDNA was cloned into the pCAMBIA 1390 vector and inserted into the tobacco plants via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transgene expression was analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis. Transcript and protein levels in Tcccys4:tobacco lines were 8.9-and 1.5-fold higher than in wild-type plants (wt). Tcccys4:tobacco lines showed no change in growth compared to wt plants. CO 2 net assimilation (A) increased in Tcccys4:tobacco lines compared to wt plants. Only one line showed statistically significant stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E) changes. MpNEP2 was infiltered into the foliar mesophyll of Tcccys4:tobacco lines and wt plants, and necrotic lesions were attenuated in lines highly expressing Tccys4. Our results suggest that cocoa cystatin TcCYS4 affects MpNEP2 activity related to the progression of programmed cell death in tobacco plants. This may occur through the action of cystatin to inhibit cysteine proteases activated by MpNEP2 in plant tissues. Further studies are necessary to examine cystatin in the Theobroma cacao-M. perniciosa pathosystem.

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Distinct expression patterns of two Arabidopsis phytocystatin genes, AtCYS1 and AtCYS2, during development and abiotic stresses

Cited by 63 publications

References 58 publications

Genome-wide identification and characterization of cystatin family genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Genome-wide identification and characterization of cystatin family genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

A Phytocystatin Gene from Malus prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh., MpCYS5, Confers Salt Stress Tolerance and Functions in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Arabidopsis

TcCYS4, a cystatin from cocoa, reduces necrosis triggered by MpNEP2 in tobacco plants

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