Distinct Cortical-Thalamic-Striatal Circuits through the Parafascicular Nucleus

Mandelbaum, Gil; Taranda, Julián; Haynes, Trevor M.; Hochbaum, Daniel; Huang, Kee Wui; Hyun, Minsuk; Venkataraju, Kannan Umadevi; Straub, Christoph; Wang, Wengang; Robertson, Keiramarie; Osten, Pavel; Sabatini, Bernardo L.

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.02.035

Cited by 121 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…This included substantial differences between motor and visual thalamus, where potentially corresponding anatomical differences have recently also been found. For example, layer 5 inputs from frontal cortex to VM (secondary motor thalamus) are now thought to be at least partly closed-loop, enabling maintenance of persistent activity, while inputs from visual cortex to LP (secondary visual thalamus) are thought to be open-loop, allowing information exchange between different areas [39][40][41] . Thalamic neuronal identities are thus defined by a combination of projection target and profile information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A repeated molecular architecture across thalamic pathways

et al. 2019

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Thalamus is the central communication hub of the forebrain, providing cerebral cortex with inputs from sensory organs, subcortical systems, and cortex itself. Multiple thalamic regions send convergent information to each cortical region, but the organizational logic of thalamic projections has remained elusive. Through comprehensive transcriptional analyses of retrogradely labeled thalamic neurons in adult mice, we identify three major profiles of thalamic pathway. These profiles exist along a continuum that is repeated across all major projection systems, such as those for vision, motor control, and cognition. The largest component of gene expression variation in mouse thalamus is topographically organized with features conserved in humans. Transcriptional differences between these thalamic neuronal identities are tied to cellular features critical for function, such as axonal morphology and membrane properties. Molecular profiling therefore reveals covariation in properties of thalamic pathways serving all major input modalities and output targets, establishing a molecular framework for understanding thalamus. Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A repeated molecular architecture across thalamic pathways

et al. 2019

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“…This is supported by the dense projection of medial M2 to visual areas (Attinger et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2016Zhang et al, , 2014, and reciprocal connections with visual cortex, retrosplenial cortex (Yamawaki et al, 2016) and the lateral posterior nucleus of the thalamus, among other brain structures, for inflow and outflow of visuo-spatial information. The BG also admit a functional subdivision-typically defined into motor, associative and limbic-which is preserved in the STN and the hyperdirect pathway (Alexander et al, 1986;Bolam et al, 2000;Hamani et al, 2004;Hintiryan et al, 2016;Hooks et al, 2018;Mandelbaum et al, 2019). STN receives projections from most of frontal cortex, and the medial M2 area then corresponds to the associative subdivision of the BG and STN, ideal for visuomotor transformation and integration.…”

Section: The Behavior Suggests a Sudden Switch In Locomotion Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic control of visually-guided locomotion through cortico-subthalamic projections

Adam

Johns

Sur

2020

Preprint

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Goal-directed locomotion necessitates control signals that propagate from higher-order areas to regulate spinal mechanisms. The cortico-subthalamic hyperdirect pathway offers a short route for cortical information to reach locomotor centers in the brainstem. We developed a task where head-fixed mice run to a visual landmark, then stop and wait to collect reward, and examined the role of secondary motor cortex (M2) projections to the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in controlling locomotion. Our modeled behavioral strategy indicates a switching point in behavior, suggesting a critical neuronal control signal at stop locations. Optogenetic activation of M2 axons in STN leads the animal to stop prematurely. By imaging M2 neurons projecting to STN, we find neurons that are active at the onset of stops, when executed at the landmark but not spontaneously elsewhere. Our results suggest that the M2-STN pathway can be recruited during visually-guided locomotion to rapidly and precisely control the mesencephalic locomotor region through the basal ganglia.

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“…In addition, a pathway from the PPN to the striatum has been reported, and interestingly consists of cholinergic and glutamatergic afferents that target striatal CINs (Dautan et al, 2014, 2016; Assous et al, 2019). Similarly, inputs from the parafascicular nucleus to the striatum form a topographic map and have also been shown to target CINs (Mandelbaum et al, 2019). Whilst extra-striatal sources of innervation onto CINs have been determined, whether they differently target and influence CIN subtypes is not known.…”

Section: Genetic Diversity May Lead To Functional Subgroups In Cholinmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights Into Cholinergic Neuron Diversity

Ahmed

Knowles

Dehorter

2019

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Cholinergic neurons comprise a small population of cells in the striatum but have fundamental roles in fine tuning brain function, and in the etiology of neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) or schizophrenia. The process of developmental cell specification underlying neuronal identity and function is an area of great current interest. There has been significant progress in identifying the developmental origins, commonalities in molecular markers, and physiological properties of the cholinergic neurons. Currently, we are aware of a number of key factors that promote cholinergic fate during development. However, the extent of cholinergic cell diversity is still largely underestimated. New insights into the biological basis of their specification indicate that cholinergic neurons may be far more diverse than previously thought. This review article, highlights the physiological features and the synaptic properties that segregate cholinergic cell subtypes. It provides an accurate picture of cholinergic cell diversity underlying their organization and function in neuronal networks. This review article, also discusses current challenges in deciphering the logic of the cholinergic cell heterogeneity that plays a fundamental role in the control of neural processes in health and disease.

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Distinct Cortical-Thalamic-Striatal Circuits through the Parafascicular Nucleus

Cited by 121 publications

References 85 publications

A repeated molecular architecture across thalamic pathways

A repeated molecular architecture across thalamic pathways

Dynamic control of visually-guided locomotion through cortico-subthalamic projections

New Insights Into Cholinergic Neuron Diversity

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