Distinct Brain Regions in Physiological and Pathological Brain Aging

Lee, Jin San; Park, Yu Hyun; Park, Seongbeom; Yoon, Uicheul; Choe, Yeongsim; Cheon, Bo Kyoung; Hahn, Alice; Cho, Soo Hyun; Kim, Seungjoo; Kim, Jun Pyo; Jung, Young Hee; Park, Key‐Chung; Kim, Hee Jin; Na, Duk L.; Seo, Sang Won

doi:10.3389/fnagi.2019.00147

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous study showed inverse change of CTh and MD in early stage of AD [31]. Such regions of change in radiality were entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, superior and middle frontal gyrus and the supramarginal gyrus bilaterally; a pattern which is similar to that seen in studies of cortical thickness [32]. That is, we could confirm that EMCI may predate LMCI in the perspective of disease progression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Disruption of gray matter microstructure in Alzheimer’s disease continuum using fiber orientation

Lee

Kim

Jeong³

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There have been several MR imaging biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) for early diagnosis. Cortical mean diffusivity (MD) is one of them for the study of the cortical microstructural change in AD. However, several factors may overshadow the feasibility of MD as AD biomarker. Thus, current study investigated feasible gray matter microstructure biomarker with higher sensitivity for early AD detection. With the aim of facilitating the early detection of AD, the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) proposed two stages based on the memory performance: early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI) and late mild cognitive impairment (LMCI). We propose single shell DTI measure, ‘ radiality ’, for early AD biomarker. It is a dot product between cortical surface normal vector and primary diffusion direction, which presumably reflects the fiber orientation within the cortical column. Here, we gathered images from ADNI phase 2 & 3; 78 cognitive normal, 51 EMCI, 34 LMCI, and 39 AD patients. Then, we evaluated cortical thickness (CTh), MD, amount of amyloid and tau accumulations using PET, which are conventional AD biomarkers. Radiality was projected on gray matter surface to compare and validate the changes along other neuroimage biomarkers. Results showed decreased radiality primarily in entorhinal, insula, frontal and temporal cortex as disease progress onward. Especially, radiality could delineate the difference between cognitive normal and EMCI group while other biomarkers could not. We looked into the relationship between the radiality and other biomarkers to validate its pathological evidence in AD. Overall, radiality showed high association with conventional biomarkers. Additional ROI analysis exhibit dynamics of AD related changes as stages onward. In conclusion, radiality in cortical gray matter showed AD specific changes and relevance with other conventional AD biomarkers with higher sensitivity. Besides, it could show group differences in early AD changes from EMCI which show advantage for early diagnosis than using conventional biomarkers. We provide the evidence of structure changes with cognitive impairment and suggest radiality as a sensitive biomarker for early diagnose and progress monitor AD.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Disruption of gray matter microstructure in Alzheimer’s disease continuum using fiber orientation

Lee

Kim

Jeong³

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent research demonstrated the importance of the hippocampus volumetric reduction as an indicator of AD (40). there is evidence that AD is associated with the hippocampus and superior and inferior lateral temporal regions (41). the importance of the precuneus and inferior temporal regions in pathological brain aging was proven previously (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

CSF total tau, plasma and CSF p tau 181 associated with structural changes in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease

Nabizadeh

Rostami

Balabandian

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most important cause of dementia and is a serious concern for individuals and governments worldwide. Changes in the brain appear about 15 years before the first clinical symptoms; with this in mind, it can clear the role of biomarkers in monitoring Alzheimer's development. P tau 181 level in plasma recently emerged as a new biomarker and rises obviously in AD patients, preclinical AD, and MCI patients. The role of gray matter atrophy and white matter damages in cognitive decline is well established, which is detectable by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this investigation, we measured the association between CSF (total tau, and p tau 181) and plasma p tau 181 with structural changes (cortical thickness, cortical volume, surface area, and subcortical volume) in MCI patients. We performed a cross-sectional study on the ADNI cohort between 461 MCI patients. Results of voxel-wise partial correlation analysis in our participants showed a significant correlation between plasma p tau 181, CSF total tau and p tau 181 with changes in structural values in different regions. Our study revealed a significant correlation between plasma p tau and structural changes in the brain regions associated with Alzheimer's disease physiopathology. These results provide evidence for using plasma p tau 181 as a diagnostic factor in the early onset of AD patients and neurodegeneration.

show abstract

“…However, cortical thickness declines even in physiological aging, such that the comparison of an elderly individual to that reference group will result in more pronounced atrophy detection, which would not necessarily have to be pathologic [10,15]. Nevertheless, given that the regions that exhibit cortical thinning differ in physiological and pathological aging (for example, atrophy of brain regions such as the precuneus and the inferior temporal region can be indicative of early signs of dementia [35]), it is still possible to detect such potential pathologic signatures using the method proposed here. This is possible because the reference system suggested herein was generated and evaluated for different brain regions separately.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards individualized cortical thickness assessment for clinical routine

Tahedl

2020

J Transl Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Cortical thickness measures the width of gray matter of the human cortex. It can be calculated from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI). In group studies, this measure has been shown to correlate with the diagnosis/prognosis of a number of neurologic and psychiatric conditions, but has not been widely adapted for clinical routine. One of the reasons for this might be that there is no reference system which allows to rate individual cortical thickness data with respect to a control population. Methods: To address this problem, this study compared different methods to assess statistical significance of cortical thinning, i.e. atrophy. All compared methods were nonparametric and encompassed rating an individual subject's data set with respect to a control data population. Null distributions were calculated using data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP, n = 1000), and an additional HCP data set (n = 113) was used to calculate sensitivity and specificity to compare the different methods, whereas atrophy was simulated for sensitivity assessment. Validation measures were calculated for the entire cortex ("cumulative") and distinct brain regions ("regional") where possible. Results: The approach yielding the highest combination of specificity and sensitivity implemented generating null distributions for anatomically distinct brain regions, based on the most extreme values observed in the population. With that method, while regional variations were observed, cumulative specificity of 98.9% and cumulative sensitivity at 80% was achieved for simulated atrophy of 23%. Conclusions: This study shows that validated rating of individual cortical thickness measures is possible, which can help clinicians in their daily routine to discover signs of atrophy before they become visually apparent on an unprocessed MRI. Furthermore, given different pathologies present with distinct atrophy patterns, the regional validation proposed here allows to detect distinct patterns of atrophy, which can further enhance differential diagnosis/ prognosis.

show abstract

Distinct Brain Regions in Physiological and Pathological Brain Aging

Cited by 18 publications

References 62 publications

Disruption of gray matter microstructure in Alzheimer’s disease continuum using fiber orientation

Disruption of gray matter microstructure in Alzheimer’s disease continuum using fiber orientation

CSF total tau, plasma and CSF p tau 181 associated with structural changes in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease

Towards individualized cortical thickness assessment for clinical routine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About