Distinct and common neural coding of semantic and non-semantic control demands

Gao, Zhiyao; Zheng, Li Juan; Chiou, Rocco; Gouws, André; Krieger-Redwood, Katya; Wang, Xiuyi; Varga, Dominika; Ralph, Matthew A. Lambon; Smallwood, Jonathan; Jefferies, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118230

Cited by 67 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…In common with other studies of SA, the patients in the current sample were not solely impaired on background tests of semantic control and did present with some nonverbal and non-semantic deficits in executive function and visuospatial processing (Thompson et al, 2018). This is unsurprising given that the semantic control network is adjacent to left hemisphere components of the bilateral multiple-demand network, which supports executive control across domains (Gao et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2020). As a result, the two networks are often damaged together by stroke, although deficits of semantic control are likely to be more severe following left-hemisphere stroke (Thompson et al, 2016), since this network is strongly left-lateralised (Gao et al, 2021;Gonzalez Alam et al, 2019).…”

Section: Limitationssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…This leftlateralised network is thought to constrain the retrieval of both verbal and nonverbal information (Krieger-Redwood et al, 2015) and can bias the interaction of sensory-motor spokes with the hub in accordance with the information required (Chiou et al, 2018;Jefferies et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2021). Neuroscientific studies show that the semantic control network is partially distinct from both multiple demand cortex, which supports domaingeneral cognitive control (Davey et al, 2016;Diachek et al, 2020;Gao et al, 2021;Jackson, 2021;Noonan et al, 2013), and default mode network regions that underpin more integrative or automatic aspects of conceptual retrieval (e.g., ATL and AG; Humphreys et al, 2015;Lanzoni et al, 2020;Vatansever et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This is unsurprising given that the semantic control network is adjacent to left hemisphere components of the bilateral multiple-demand network, which supports executive control across domains (Gao et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2020). As a result, the two networks are often damaged together by stroke, although deficits of semantic control are likely to be more severe following left-hemisphere stroke (Thompson et al, 2016), since this network is strongly left-lateralised (Gao et al, 2021;Gonzalez Alam et al, 2019). A more general cognitive impairment was particularly marked in background neuropsychological testing for P15, who also presented with the poorest overall performance in both Studies 1 and 2.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired emotion perception and categorization in semantic aphasia

2021

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According to a constructionist model of emotion, conceptual knowledge plays a foundational role in emotion perception; reduced availability of relevant conceptual knowledge should therefore impair emotion perception. Conceptual deficits can follow both degradation of semantic knowledge (e.g., semantic 'storage' deficits in semantic dementia) and deregulation of retrieval (e.g., semantic 'access' deficits in semantic aphasia). While emotion recognition deficits are known to accompany degraded conceptual knowledge, less is known about the impact of semantic access deficits. Here, we examined emotion perception and categorization tasks in patients with semantic aphasia, who have difficulty accessing semantic information in a flexible and controlled fashion following left hemisphere stroke. In Study 1, participants were asked to sort faces according to the emotion they portrayedwith numbers, written labels and picture examples each provided as category anchors across tasks.Semantic aphasia patients made more errors and showed a larger benefit from word anchors that reduced the need to internally constrain categorization than comparison participants.They successfully sorted portrayals that differed in valence (positive vs. negative) but had difficulty categorizing different negative emotions. They were unimpaired on a control task that involved sorting faces by identity. In Study 2, participants matched facial emotion portrayals to written labels following vocal emotion prosody cues, miscues, or no cues.Patients presented with overall poorer performance and benefited from cue trials relative to within-valence miscue trials. This same effect was seen in comparison participants, who also showed deleterious effects of within-valence miscue relative to no cue trials. Overall, we found that patients with deregulated semantic retrieval have deficits in emotional perception but that word anchors and cue conditions can facilitate emotion perception by increasing access to relevant emotion concepts and reducing reliance on semantic control. Semantic control may be of particular importance in emotion perception when it is necessary to interpret ambiguous inputs, or when there is interference between conceptually similar emotional states. These findings extend constructionist accounts of emotion to encompass difficulties in controlled semantic retrieval.

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Section: Limitationssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired emotion perception and categorization in semantic aphasia

2021

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“…As reported in Gao et al (2021), equal numbers of word pairs were judged to be related or unrelated by the participants in the semantic task [mean ratio 0.491 vs. 0.495, χ 2 (1) = 0.00021, p > 0.995]. Linear mixed-effects models examined whether associative strength and WM load were reliable predictors of behaviour.…”

Section: Behavioural Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tale of two gradients: differences between the left and right hemispheres predict semantic cognition

et al. 2021

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Decomposition of whole-brain functional connectivity patterns reveals a principal gradient that captures the separation of sensorimotor cortex from heteromodal regions in the default mode network (DMN). Functional homotopy is strongest in sensorimotor areas, and weakest in heteromodal cortices, suggesting there may be differences between the left and right hemispheres (LH/RH) in the principal gradient, especially towards its apex. This study characterised hemispheric differences in the position of large-scale cortical networks along the principal gradient, and their functional significance. We collected resting-state fMRI and semantic, working memory and non-verbal reasoning performance in 175 + healthy volunteers. We then extracted the principal gradient of connectivity for each participant, tested which networks showed significant hemispheric differences on the gradient, and regressed participants’ behavioural efficiency in tasks outside the scanner against interhemispheric gradient differences for each network. LH showed a higher overall principal gradient value, consistent with its role in heteromodal semantic cognition. One frontotemporal control subnetwork was linked to individual differences in semantic cognition: when it was nearer heteromodal DMN on the principal gradient in LH, participants showed more efficient semantic retrieval—and this network also showed a strong hemispheric difference in response to semantic demands but not working memory load in a separate study. In contrast, when a dorsal attention subnetwork was closer to the heteromodal end of the principal gradient in RH, participants showed better visual reasoning. Lateralization of function may reflect differences in connectivity between control and heteromodal regions in LH, and attention and visual regions in RH.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Impaired emotion perception and categorization in semantic aphasia

Souter¹,

Lindquist²,

Jefferies³

2021

Preprint

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According to a constructionist model of emotion, conceptual knowledge plays a foundational role in emotion perception; reduced availability of relevant conceptual knowledge should therefore impair emotion perception. Conceptual deficits can follow both degradation of semantic knowledge (e.g., semantic ‘storage’ deficits in semantic dementia) and deregulation of retrieval (e.g., semantic ‘access’ deficits in semantic aphasia). While emotion recognition deficits are known to accompany degraded conceptual knowledge, less is known about the impact of semantic access deficits. Here, we examined emotion perception and categorization tasks in patients with semantic aphasia, who have difficulty accessing semantic information in a flexible and controlled fashion following left hemisphere stroke. In Study 1, participants were asked to sort faces according to the emotion they portrayed – with numbers, written labels and picture examples each provided as category anchors across tasks. Semantic aphasia patients made more errors and showed a larger benefit from word anchors that reduced the need to internally constrain categorization than age-matched controls. They successfully sorted portrayals that differed in valance (positive vs. negative) but had difficulty categorizing different negative emotions. In Study 2, participants matched facial emotion portrayals to written labels following vocal emotion prosody cues, miscues, or no cues. Patients presented with overall poorer performance and benefited from cue trials relative to within-valence miscue trials. This same effect was seen in controls, who also showed deleterious effects of within-valence miscue relative to no cue trials. Overall we found that patients with deregulated semantic retrieval have deficits in emotional perception but that word anchors and cue conditions can facilitate emotion perception by increasing access to relevant emotion concepts and reducing reliance on semantic control. Semantic control may be of particular importance in emotion perception when it is necessary to interpret ambiguous inputs, or when there is interference between conceptually similar emotional states. These findings extend constructionist accounts of emotion to encompass difficulties in controlled semantic retrieval.

show abstract

Distinct and common neural coding of semantic and non-semantic control demands

Cited by 67 publications

References 80 publications

Impaired emotion perception and categorization in semantic aphasia

Impaired emotion perception and categorization in semantic aphasia

A tale of two gradients: differences between the left and right hemispheres predict semantic cognition

Impaired emotion perception and categorization in semantic aphasia

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