Distillers Dried Grain from Makgeolli By-product Is Useful as a Dietary Ingredient for Growth of Juvenile Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Abstract

We tested the effects of various distillers dried grains (DDGs) in a formulated diet on growth and body composition of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. DDG is a solid residue obtained by filtering an aqueous mixture of fermented rice with Aspergillus oryzae and yeasts. Six isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets (DDG0, DDG-G, DDG-C, DDG-K, DDG-W, and DDG-P) were formulated to contain 20% DDG obtained from different Makgeolli factories. Juvenile sea cucumber (average weight, 2.1 ± 0.02 g) were randomly distributed in eighteen 50-L rectangular plastic tanks (40 L of water each) in a seawater flow-through system at a density of 50 juveniles/tank. Three replicate groups of sea cucumber were fed each of the six experimental diets at a feeding rate of 5% body weight per day for 22 weeks. At the end of the feeding experiment, survival and weight gain of the juvenile sea cucumber were not affected by the type of dietary DDG (P > 0.05), and the proximate and amino acid compositions of the whole body were not affected by dietary DDG diets (P > 0.05). These results indicate that rice-based DDG is a potential dietary ingredient that could be used at dietary concentrations of up to 20% for growth of juvenile sea cucumber.

Inclusion of Distillers Dried Grain as Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Soybean Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Abalone Haliotis discus hannai

“…The results of this study indicate that dietary supplementation of DDG up to 30% did not affect the growth performance and body composition of juvenile abalone, which suggests that rice-based DDG can be an effective low-cost feed ingredient for this species, as has been demonstrated for juvenile olive flounder (Rahman et al, 2013a), black seabream (Rahman et al, 2013b), and juvenile sea cucumber (Choi et al, 2013). Similarly, when supplemented with fish meal, cornbased DDG can be included in juvenile Nile tilapia feed without incurring negative effects on growth performance (Wu et al, 1996;Schaeffer et al, 2009;Coyle et al, 2004).…”

“…DDG has already been tested as a possible alternative protein and/ or energy source associated with aquafeed (Chevanan et al, 2010;Wu et al, 1996), and it is less expensive than traditional ingredients such as soybean meal and wheat flour (Rahman et al, 2013a(Rahman et al, , 2013b. Seo et al (2011) reported that rice-based DDG contains a high protein content and well-balanced amino acid profile, and may be useful for producing low-cost feed for juvenile olive flounder (Rahman et al, 2013a) and sea cucumber (Choi et al, 2013). Therefore, the objective of the this study was to investigate the effects of dietary DDG as an alternative feed ingredient (compared to traditional soybean meal and wheat flour) on the growth and body composition of juvenile abalone.…”

Distillers dried grain can be used as a feed ingredient for the growth of freshwater snail (Semisulcospira coreana) and abalone (Haliotis discus hannai)

“…Similarly, our earlier study revealed that the whole body proximate and essential amino acid composition of the juvenile sea cucumber was not affected by the rice‐based DDG diet (Choi et al . ). Moreover, in the second experiment of this study, no significant differences were found among the soft body proximate and essential amino acid composition of the juvenile abalone fed the diets containing rice‐based DDG.…”

“…The nutrient composition of wheat flour and soybean meal used in the present experiment was consistent with previous reports (Choi et al . , ). Crude protein, lipid and ash contents of DDG used in the previous study (Choi et al .…”

“…Rice‐based DDG could be an economical ingredient for juvenile abalone, Haliotis discus hannai (Choi, Rahman & Lee ). Previous studies indicated that the dietary inclusion of DDG from rice improved the growth performance of sea cucumber (Seo, Shin & Lee ; Choi, Rahman & Lee ).…”