Distillation Adjustment: An Innovative Step to Gasoline Reformulation

Gething, J. A.

doi:10.4271/910382

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…During phase I of the Auto/Oil program, an increase in fuel oxygen content from 0 to 2.7% by weight reduced stabilized CO emissions by 23 ( 7% for 1989 model year vehicles and 16 ( 12% for 1983-1985 model year vehicles (4). The reduction in VOC emissions (-18 ( 10%) and the insensitivity of NO x emissions to fuel oxygen content also is consistent with results reported elsewhere (4,9,11,12). The numbers shown here are lower limits because 1,3-butadiene was not stable in the stainless steel canisters (see text).…”

Section: Effects Of Oxygenated Gasolinesupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The effects of oxygenated gasoline use on vehicle emissions have been studied by several researchers ( − ) as summarized in Table . Bishop and Stedman () used remote sensing to obtain more than 117 000 vehicle exhaust measurements during the Colorado oxy-fuels program.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measured reduction in emissions was dominated by vehicles having exhaust CO concentrations above 1%; these high-emitting vehicles comprised only 25% of the vehicle fleet. Dynamometer studies indicate that an increase in oxygenates such as methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) from 0 to 2% or more oxygen by weight results in reduction of CO emissions by 15-20%, reduction of HC emissions by 8%, and no significant change in NO x emissions from light-duty vehicles (4,11,12). An increase of 5.1 ( 4.1% in NO x emissions was found when fuel ethanol was increased from 0 to 3.5% oxygen by weight (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Oxygenated Gasoline Use on California Light-Duty Vehicle Emissions

Kirchstetter¹,

Singer²,

Harley³

et al. 1996

Environ. Sci. Technol.

164

151

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Light-duty vehicle emissions were measured at the Caldecott Tunnel in August and October 1994. In the interval between these two periods, the average oxygen content of gasoline sold in the San Francisco Bay area increased from 0.3 to 2.0% by weight. Compared to the August (low-oxygenate) sampling period, measured pollutant emission rates during the October (high-oxygenate) sampling period for CO and VOC decreased by 21 ( 7 and 18 ( 10%, respectively, while NO x emissions showed no significant change. Formaldehyde emissions increased by 13 ( 6%, acetaldehyde emissions did not change significantly, and benzene emissions decreased by 25 ( 17%. Speciated VOC emission profiles show that the use of oxygenated gasoline resulted in higher MTBE and lower aromatic hydrocarbon emissions, higher isobutene, and lower aromatic aldehydes. The normalized reactivity of NMOG emissions did not change significantly between the low-oxygenate and highoxygenate sampling periods. VOC exhaust speciation profiles for vehicles operating in the hot-stabilized mode at the Caldecott Tunnel match the speciation profile for cold-start emissions from new vehicles as measured in the Auto/Oil program. California's motor vehicle emission factor model, EMFAC7F, accurately predicts the VOC/NO x ratio measured at the Caldecott Tunnel in August, but underpredicts the observed CO/NO x ratio by a factor of 1.5-2.2 over the range of vehicle speeds observed at the tunnel.

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Section: Effects Of Oxygenated Gasolinesupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impact of Oxygenated Gasoline Use on California Light-Duty Vehicle Emissions

Kirchstetter¹,

Singer²,

Harley³

et al. 1996

Environ. Sci. Technol.

164

151

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The percentage effects for all vehicles were grouped and compared to determine the average effects and confidence intervals for the fleet. This statistical approach is identical to that used in analysis of the criteria emissions results (12).…”

Section: Data Analysis Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%