Distant abdominal and thoracic pedicle skin flaps for treatment of distal limb skin defects

Abstract

The treatment of large skin defects of the distal limbs of dogs and cats can be difficult due to the lack of skin available for primary wound closure or the creation of local skin flaps. Distant pedicle skin flaps provide an acceptable alternative for wound closure with full thickness skin and provide a cosmetic result. Fourteen animals (10 dogs and four cats) that had distant pedicle skin flaps are reviewed. The technique allowed 100 per cent wound coverage in 10 of 14 animals and greater than 95 per cent skin flap survival occurred in 12 to 14 animals. complications associated with the procedure were most commonly wound infection and partial suture line dehiscence, however these did not detract from the final outcome. Flap release was in one or two stages, however the outcomes did not appear to be affected by the release protocol.

Second intention healing after wide local excision of soft tissue sarcomas in the distal aspects of the limbs in dogs: 31 cases (2005–2012)

“…4 There is controversy regarding the appropriate surgical treatment for soft tissue sarcomas in the distal Second intention healing after wide local excision of soft tissue sarcomas in the distal aspects of the limbs in dogs: 31 cases (2005-2012) aspects of limbs. Various reconstruction techniques of distal aspects of limbs have been described, including axial pattern flaps, [16][17][18][19] pedicle and bipedicle skin flaps, 20,21 free tissue transfer, 22,23 skin grafts, 24,25 and tissue expansion. A large range of recurrence rates have been reported for planned marginal excision as the sole treatment of soft tissue sarcomas in distal aspects of limbs, including recurrence rates of 11% for grade I spindle cell tumors 12 and 37% a and 80% 9 for all grades of soft tissue sarcomas.…”

Foot injuries in dogs and cats

“…Το βασικό πλεονεκτημάτων μι-σχωτών κρημνών είναι ότι διαθέτουν άριστη αγγειωση για την επιβίωση τους, ιδιαίτερα κατά το αρχικό στά διο τοποθέτησης τους στη λήπτρια χώρα, στην οποία επικρατούν δυσμενείς συνθήκες, όπως φτωχή αγγειω ση ή/και διάφορου βαθμού μόλυνση (Lemarie et al 1995). Οι αξονικοί κρημνοί (axialpattern flaps) συνή θως δεν είναι κατάλληλοι για την κάλυψη των ελλειμ μάτων του κατώτερου τμήματος των άκρων, με εξαί ρεση τον κρημνό της σαφηνοΰς αρτηρίας (reverse saphenous conduit flap) που χρησιμοποιείται σε τραύ ματα της περιοχής του ταρσού και των μεταταρσιων.…”

Repair of a canine forelimb skin deficit by microvascular transfer of a caudal superficial epigastric flap

“…Techniques described to repair distal limb skin deficits in the dog include free skin grafts (Swaim 1990), pedicle grafts (Lemarié and others 1995), axial pattern flaps (Pavletic 1990) and microvascular free flaps (Fowler and others 1998). A microvascular flap is one in which the grafted tissue comprises a single angiosome, i.e.…”