Distance in time between transition economies and the European Union

Accession to the European Union and the Process of Accounting and Auditing Reform

“…Schimmelfenning et al (2003) have investigated EU strategy to induce institutional change in EU applicant countries. In addition there have been a number of methodological studies relevant to the analysis of institutional change (Sicherl, 1999;Lindner and Rittberger, 2003). Sicherl (1999) has developed and applied new methodology to assess the extent of disparity between the institutions of EU Member States and those of the accession countries using indicators of time-distance.…”

“…As Sicherl (1999) observes: 'In the final instance the decision about integration of Central and Eastern European countries into European Union [sic] will be political.' 8 Other than the primacy of political considerations over technical there is a narrower pragmatic (and in its own way political) explanation for a lessthan-rigorous application of the accounting and auditing parts of the acquis.…”

Comparing in two dimensions: a broader concept and a novel statistical measure of the time dimension of disparities

“…The lack of space prevents a more detailed analysis and presentation (see also Sicherl 1999bSicherl , 2000). An examination of a possible correlation between the static measure of disparity in Table 5 and the S-distance in Table 6 for each analysed country provides a very strong support for the theoretical argument developed in Section 2.…”

“…2 This concept and a broad range of its possible 2. For proof of the analogy with static difference and growth rate and for extension to variables other than time see Sicherl (1999a). For the extension to measuring deviations between estimated and actual values in time distance for regressions and models, for forecasting and monitoring and for business cycle analysis see Sicherl (1994Sicherl ( , 1998.…”

“…Tn ). Time distance is a generic concept like relative disparity or growth rate (for more details consult Sicherl (1998Sicherl ( , 1999a). The conventional measures and analysis of disparity are mainly developed for the evaluation of the degree of disparity at a given point in time (e.g., Sen 1973;Kakwani 1980;Martić 1986).…”