Dissolved organic matter adsorption from surface waters by granular composites versus granular activated carbon columns: An applicable approach

Zusman, Ofri B.; Kummel, Mario; Rosa, José M. de la; Mishael, Yael G.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2020.115920

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…As shown in Figure a, the removal efficiency of DON in BTPW by a sequential adsorption column (82.3%) was significantly increased compared with those of all single CX columns, i.e., CX5.4 (16.0%), CX6.2 (67.1%), and CX6.8 (14.1%). This result was consistent with the previous research of Zusman et al, demonstrating that combining the properties of both sorbents, by integrating them into a single column, yielded greater removal efficiency compared with those of individual columns. Therefore, different CXs might have a certain synergistic effect in the sequential adsorption process, enabling them to exert maximum adsorption capacity and thereby improving the overall adsorption efficiency.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Synergistic Adsorbent Sequence for Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Fractional Removal from Biotreated Pharmaceutical Wastewater

Shi

Liao

et al. 2021

ACS EST Water

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Adsorption has demonstrated great promise for removing dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), but effective solutions to alleviate the competitive adsorption of different types of DON are lacking. Herein, a novel sequential adsorption technology is designed for DON fractional removal from actual biotreated pharmaceutical wastewater. Three carbon xerogels (CXs) are customized via precisely controlling the gel process and constructing the macropore (CX5.4, 163−647 Å)−mesopore (CX6.2, 80−212 Å)−micropore (CX6.8, 17−136 Å) sequential adsorption column. The sequential adsorption column exhibits superior performance compared with that of single CX columns, which can effectively remove DON (82.3%), reduce acute toxicity (87.4%), and have suitable regeneration ability (14.7% decreased after three cycles). Analysis of DON removal characteristics [molecular weight (MW) and molecular composition] reveals that CX5.4 preferentially removes the high-MW DON via hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions, alleviating irreversible regeneration. CX6.8 enhances the removal of the low-MW and high-unsaturated DON molecules via pore filling and π−π interactions, further decreasing toxicity. Due to the coexistence of the adsorption mechanism described above, CX6.2 is the main DON adsorption unit. Moreover, the CX sequential adsorption column is more cost-effective than activated carbon. Overall, this study provides an effective and sustainable technology for DON adsorption treatment in actual wastewater.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Synergistic Adsorbent Sequence for Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Fractional Removal from Biotreated Pharmaceutical Wastewater

Shi

Liao

et al. 2021

ACS EST Water

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“…Reducing the aromaticity of the DOM before the AOP treatment may be helpful in reducing the formation of chlorinated byproducts. This can be accomplished by preoxidation (e.g., ozone), improved coagulation, or adsorption using powder or granular activated carbon . The formation mechanisms include the direct chlorine addition to DOM and the sequential formation from the nucleophilic reactions between the DOM intermediates (DOM •+ or DOM(-H) • ) and Cl • , Cl 2 •– , or Cl – .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This can be accomplished by preoxidation (e.g., ozone), 71 improved coagulation, 72 or adsorption using powder or granular activated carbon. 73 The formation mechanisms include the direct chlorine addition to DOM and the sequential formation from the nucleophilic reactions between the DOM intermediates (DOM •+ or DOM(-H) • ) and Cl • , Cl 2 •− , or Cl − . Considering the numerous sources of DOM intermediates in the presence of AOPs and the ubiquitous Cl − in environmental-relevant waters (e.g., ∼10 −4 M in natural waters), 74,75 •− exposure in typical AOPs, evolution profile of DOC and SUVA variations, formation of TCM, and time-resolved spectra and kinetic traces for the investigation of TOCl formation mechanism (PDF).…”

Section: •−mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactivity of Chlorine Radicals (Cl^• and Cl₂^•–) with Dissolved Organic Matter and the Formation of Chlorinated Byproducts

Lei

Westerhoff

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

166

132

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Chlorine radicals, including Cl• and Cl2 •–, can be produced in sunlight waters (rivers, oceans, and lakes) or water treatment processes (e.g., electrochemical and advanced oxidation processes). Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a major reactant with, or a scavenger of, Cl• and Cl2 •– in water, but limited quantitative information exists regarding the influence of DOM structure on its reactivity with Cl• and Cl2 •–. This study aimed at quantifying the reaction rates and the formation of chlorinated organic byproducts produced from Cl• and Cl2 •– reactions with DOM. Laser flash photolysis experiments were conducted to quantify the second-order reaction rate constants of 19 DOM isolates with Cl• (k DOM–Cl•) and Cl2 •– (k DOM–Cl2•–), and compare those with the hydroxyl radical rate constants (k DOM–•OH). The values for k DOM–Cl• ((3.71 ± 0.34) × 108 to (1.52 ± 1.56) × 109 MC –1 s–1) were orders of magnitude greater than the k DOM–Cl2•– values ((4.60 ± 0.90) × 106 to (3.57 ± 0.53) × 107 MC –1 s–1). k DOM–Cl• negatively correlated with the weight-averaged molecular weight (M W) due to the diffusion-controlled reactions. DOM with high aromaticity and total antioxidant capacity tended to react faster with Cl2 •–. During the same experiments, we also monitored the formation of chlorinated byproducts through the evolution of total organic chlorine (TOCl) as a function of chlorine radical oxidant exposure (CT value). Maximum TOCl occurred at a CT of 4–8 × 10–12 M·s for Cl• and 1.1–2.2 × 10–10 M·s for Cl2 •–. These results signify the importance of DOM in scavenging chlorine radicals and the potential risks of producing chlorinated byproducts of unknown toxicity.

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“…These features may vary seasonally as well as spatially for different water resources while these features may be dependent on many variables such as temperature, ionic strength, pH, microbial community, etc. [ 31 ] Adsorption is affected by characteristics of DNOM such as molecular size/weight distribution, degree of hydrophobicity, charge distribution, and ability to form hydrogen bonds with the GAC surface. In addition, physical (surface area, size, shape, and pore volume) and chemical (charge, type, number of surface groups, ash content) properties of GAC also play an important role in adsorption.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are varying results and evaluations in the literature. [ 25–45 ] In batch experiments, the initial DNOM concentration in the solution decreased with time. In contrast, the amount of DNOM in the influent of column experiments does not change over time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Batch and Continuous Design of a Full‐Scale Treatment Facility for Removing Dissolved Natural Organic Matter

Sarı

Oztas

Keskınkan

et al. 2020

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Batch and continuous flow adsorption experiments are carried out and the design of a full‐scale facility for removing dissolved natural organic matter (DNOM) from Catalan Lakewater is demonstrated. The adsorption efficiency is proportional to the temperature and the amount of adsorbent unlike pH increase. The highest DNOM removal rate is obtained at 35 °C, pH 4, and an adsorbent amount of 0.8 g L−1. Optimum contact time for batch studies is 60 min at equilibrium. Correlation constants (r) of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms are 0.8905 and 0.9739, respectively. Based on the Freundlich isotherm, the highest adsorption capacity (qmax) obtained is 2.44 and 6.01 mg DNOM/g granulated activated carbon (GAC) for raw and enriched water, respectively. Consequently, the effects of adsorbent amount, bed depth, empty bed contact time, and organic loading on removal performance are investigated in the rapid small‐scale column test (RSSCT) columns. The targeted effluent concentration of 1 mg DNOM/L can easily be achieved in the columns. At the design capacity of the facility, 15 adsorption columns with dimensions of 7 m height, 4.33 m diameter, and 22 days of operation cycle are required to remove DNOM from raw water.

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Dissolved organic matter adsorption from surface waters by granular composites versus granular activated carbon columns: An applicable approach

Cited by 25 publications

References 98 publications

Synergistic Adsorbent Sequence for Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Fractional Removal from Biotreated Pharmaceutical Wastewater

Synergistic Adsorbent Sequence for Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Fractional Removal from Biotreated Pharmaceutical Wastewater

Reactivity of Chlorine Radicals (Cl^• and Cl₂^•–) with Dissolved Organic Matter and the Formation of Chlorinated Byproducts

Batch and Continuous Design of a Full‐Scale Treatment Facility for Removing Dissolved Natural Organic Matter

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Dissolved organic matter adsorption from surface waters by granular composites versus granular activated carbon columns: An applicable approach

Cited by 25 publications

References 98 publications

Synergistic Adsorbent Sequence for Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Fractional Removal from Biotreated Pharmaceutical Wastewater

Synergistic Adsorbent Sequence for Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Fractional Removal from Biotreated Pharmaceutical Wastewater

Reactivity of Chlorine Radicals (Cl• and Cl2•–) with Dissolved Organic Matter and the Formation of Chlorinated Byproducts

Batch and Continuous Design of a Full‐Scale Treatment Facility for Removing Dissolved Natural Organic Matter

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Reactivity of Chlorine Radicals (Cl^• and Cl₂^•–) with Dissolved Organic Matter and the Formation of Chlorinated Byproducts