Dissolved Organic Carbon Support of Respiration in the Dark Ocean

Arı́stegui, Javier; Duarte, Carlos M.; Agustı́, Susana; Doval, M.D.; Álvarez-Salgado, Xosé A.; Hansell, Dennis A.

doi:10.1126/science.1076746

Cited by 137 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Transformation of dissolved materials can not be the dominant source of CDOM, as <10% of AOU in the deep water results from DOC remineralization [Arístegui et al, 2002]. This is also supported by the weak statistical relationships found between CDOM and DOC concentrations (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Tracing global biogeochemical cycles and meridional overturning circulation using chromophoric dissolved organic matter

Nelson

Siegel

Carlson

et al. 2010

Geophysical Research Letters

141

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[1] Basin-scale distributions of light absorption by chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) are positively correlated (R 2 > 0.8) with apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) within the top kilometer of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. However, a much weaker correspondence is found for the Atlantic (R 2 < 0.05). Strong correlation between CDOM and AOU indicates that CDOM is created as a byproduct of the oxidation of organic matter from sinking particles. The observed meridional-depth sections of CDOM result from a balance between biogeochemical processes (autochthonous production and solar bleaching) and the meridional overturning circulation. Rapid mixing in the Atlantic dilutes CDOM in the interior and implies that the time scale for CDOM accumulation is greater than ∼50 years. CDOM emerges as a unique tracer for diagnosing changes in biogeochemistry and the overturning circulation, similar to dissolved oxygen, with the additional feature that it can be quantified from satellite observation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Tracing global biogeochemical cycles and meridional overturning circulation using chromophoric dissolved organic matter

Nelson

Siegel

Carlson

et al. 2010

Geophysical Research Letters

141

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“…Andersson's approach is based only on particulate organic matter, while the ETS method measures total microplankton respiration, which includes both dissolved and particulate organic carbon. This difference could account for some, but probably not all, of the difference between the estimates derived from the two methods since, as was discussed in previous sections, DOC seems to account for only 10-20% of the oxygen consumption in the dark ocean (Arístegui et al 2002a). In this regard, the estimates of respiration rates derived from ETS generally agree with oxygen consumption estimates derived from bacterial carbon flux or inferred from AOU/tracers (Table 10.6).…”

Section: Synthesis: Budgeting Respiration In Dark Oceansupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Assuming a molar respiratory quotient ( CO 2 /− O 2 ) of 0.69 (Hedges et al 2002), the decline in DOC was estimated to account for about 20% of the AOU within the top 1000 m. This estimate represents, however, an upper limit, since the correlation between DOC and AOU is partly due to mixing of DOC-rich warm surface waters with DOC-poor cold thermocline waters. Removal of this effect by regressing DOC against AOU and water temperature indicated that DOC supports about 10% of the respiration in the mesopelagic waters (Arístegui et al 2002a). Nevertheless, since water temperature and DOC covary in the upper water column, the actual contribution of DOC to AOU probably lies between 10% and 20%.…”

Section: Delivery Of Docmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1.3 Pmol C a −1 ; Sambrotto et al 1993;Falkowski et al 1998) would increase the total calculated export by a factor of 2. Arístegui et al (2002a) compiled a large dataset on the relationship between DOC concentration and apparent oxygen utilization (AOU)-the oxygen anomaly with respect to the dissolved oxygen saturation levels-from various oceans. These data revealed a decline in DOC with increasing AOU in the upper 1000 m, albeit with considerable scatter ( Fig.…”

Section: Delivery Of Docmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respiration in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones of the oceans

Arı́stegui¹,

Agustı́²,

Middelburg³

et al. 2005

Respiration in Aquatic Ecosystems

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OutlineIn this chapter the mechanisms of transport and remineralization of organic matter in the dark water-column and sediments of the oceans are reviewed. We compare the different approaches to estimate respiration rates, and discuss the discrepancies obtained by the different methodologies. Finally, a respiratory carbon budget is produced for the dark ocean, which includes vertical and lateral fluxes of organic matter. In spite of the uncertainties inherent in the different approaches to estimate carbon fluxes and oxygen consumption in the dark ocean, estimates vary only by a factor of 1.5. Overall, direct measurements of respiration, as well as indirect approaches, converge to suggest a total dark ocean respiration of 1.5-1.7 Pmol C a −1 . Carbon mass balances in the dark ocean suggest that the dark ocean receives 1.5-1.6 Pmol C a −1 , similar to the estimated respiration, of which >70% is in the form of sinking particles. Almost all the organic matter (∼92%) is remineralized in the water column, the burial in sediments accounts for <1%. Mesopelagic (150-1000 m) respiration accounts for ∼70% of dark ocean respiration, with average integrated rates of 3-4 mol C m −2 a −1 , 6-8 times greater than in the bathypelagic zone (∼0.5 mol C m −2 a −1 ). The results presented here renders respiration in the dark ocean a major component of the carbon flux in the biosphere, and should promote research in the dark ocean, with the aim of better constraining the role of the biological pump in the removal and storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

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“…If we assume that neutral sugars at 600m are a simple mixture of newly synthesized sugars (introduced by sinking particles) with a Δ 14 C value equal to surface water DIC, and relic sugars (introduced by advection) with a Δ 14 C value equal to DIC Δ 14 C at 600 m depth, then 15% of the neutral sugars at 600m are introduced by large, rapidly sinking particles. These sugars may be reactive and help support bacterial activity at depth (Arístegui et al, 2002). A more comprehensive set of radiocarbon measurements on neutral sugars from depth in the ocean is needed to fully establish the isotopic differences between DIC and reactive components of HMWDOC.…”

Section: Hmwdommentioning

confidence: 99%

Seqestration of dissolved organic carbon in the deep sea

Repeta¹

2006

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We used compound specific natural abundance radiocarbon analyses of neutral sugars to study carbon cycling of high molecular weight (HMW) dissolved organic carbon (DOC) at two sites in the North Pacific Ocean. Sugars released from HMWDOC by acid hydrolysis were purified by high-pressure liquid chromatography and analyzed for radiocarbon content via accelerator mass spectrometry. We find the seven most

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Dissolved Organic Carbon Support of Respiration in the Dark Ocean

Cited by 137 publications

References 11 publications

Tracing global biogeochemical cycles and meridional overturning circulation using chromophoric dissolved organic matter

Tracing global biogeochemical cycles and meridional overturning circulation using chromophoric dissolved organic matter

Respiration in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones of the oceans

Seqestration of dissolved organic carbon in the deep sea

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