Dissolved molybdenum and vanadium in the northeast Atlantic Ocean

Morris, A.W.

doi:10.1016/0011-7471(75)90018-2

Cited by 50 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This is essentially identical to the concentration in the Atlantic Ocean reported by Morris (1975) and to the value suggested by Brewer (1975) in his review of earlier molybdenum analyses in seawater. The oceanic residence time of molybdenum with respect to its dissolved input from rivers (avg concn-5 nM: Martin and Meybeck 1979) is about 7 x lo5 years-one of the longest known of any transition element.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

“…In conclusion, molybdenum is homogeneously distributed throughout the water column in all open-ocean North Pacific samples examined, and its salinity-normalized concentration is 107 nM (1 (T = 2.5 nM), identical to that given by Morris (1975) for the North Atlantic Ocean. Further, there is no evidence found in the distribution of the form of dissolved molybdate to suggest that it undergoes significant biological cycling analogous to nitrogen or phosphorus.…”

supporting

confidence: 64%

“…Most of the analyses of molybdenum in seawater were published before 197 5 and have been reviewed by Brewer (1975). Of these, the only systematic analyses of open-ocean samples are from the North Atlantic Ocean (Morris 1975). Bet-rang and Grill (1974) presented extensive analysis of dissolved and particulate molybdenum in Saanich Inlet, British Columbia, but there are no systematic vertical profile data available from the North Pacific.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molybdenum in the Northeast Pacific Ocean1

Collier

1985

Limnology & Oceanography

309

150

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supporting

confidence: 89%

supporting

confidence: 64%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molybdenum in the Northeast Pacific Ocean1

Collier

1985

Limnology & Oceanography

309

150

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“…Both Fe and Mn exhibit a dissolved maximum in the Pacific correlative with the development of oxygen minimum zones, either due to in-situ dissolution of oxide particles and/or to diffusion of Fe(II) and Mn(II) out of reductive sediments along continental margins (for example Klinkhammer and Bender, 1980;Landing and Bruland, 1987;Johnson and others, 1997;McManus and others, 2012). In anoxic Morris, 1975;Bruland, 1980;Landing and Bruland 1980;Hydes 1983;Danielsson and others, 1985;Orians and Bruland, 1986;Statham and Burton, 1986;Sohrin and others, 1987;Martin and others, 1989;Martin and others, 1993;Ezoe and others, 2004. water columns such as the Black Sea or Cariaco Basin, Fe and Mn exhibit a more pronounced maximum at the redoxcline ( fig. 2).…”

Section: The Geochemical Behavior Of Fe and Mnmentioning

confidence: 97%

Controls on trace metal authigenic enrichment in reducing sediments: Insights from modern oxygen-deficient settings

Little

Vance

Lyons

et al. 2015

American Journal of Science

191

122

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ABSTRACT. Any effort to reconstruct Earth history using variations in authigenic enrichments of redox-sensitive and biogeochemically important trace metals must rest on a fundamental understanding of their modern oceanic and sedimentary geochemistry. Further, unravelling the multiple controls on sedimentary enrichments requires a multi-element approach. Of the range of metals studied, most is known about the behavior of Fe, Mn, and Mo. In this study, we compare the authigenic enrichment patterns of these elements with a group whose behavior is not as well defined (Cd, Cu, Zn, and Ni) in three oxygen-poor settings: the Black Sea, the Cariaco Basin (Venezuela), and the Peru Margin. These three settings span a range of biogeochemical environments, allowing us to isolate the different controls on sedimentary enrichment. Our approach, relying on the covariation of elemental enrichment factors [EF, defined for element X as: EF X ‫؍‬ (X/Al) sample /(X/Al) lithogenic ], has previously been applied to Mo and U to elucidate paleoenvironmental information on, for example, benthic redox conditions, the particulate shuttle, and the evolution of water mass chemistry. We find two key controls on trace metal enrichment. First, the concentration of an element in the lithogenic background sediment (used in calculating EF X ) controls the magnitude of potential enrichment. Maximum enrichment factors of 376 and 800 are calculated for Mo (ϳ1 ppm in detrital sediments) and Cd (ϳ0.3 ppm), respectively, compared to values not greater than 17 in any setting for the other five metals (ϳ45 ppm to ϳ4.5 wt.% in detrital sediments). Second, there is a relationship between the aqueous concentration of the element in overlying seawater and its degree of enrichment in the sediment. We further identify four important processes for delivery of trace metals to the sediment. These are: (1) cellular uptake (especially important for Zn and Cd), (2) interaction/co-precipitation with sulfide (Mo, Cu, and Cd), (3) passive scavenging via the traditional particulate shuttle (Mo, Ni, and Cu), and (4) an association with the benthic Fe redox shuttle (Mn, Ni). Finally, we summarize the oceanic mass balance of Cd and Mo and place the first constraints on the contribution of reducing sediments to the oceanic mass balance of Cu, Zn, and Ni. We show that reducing sediments are the ultimate repository for up to half the total output flux of these elements from the oceanic dissolved pool.

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“…[1][2][3] However, slight seasonal variations with the depth of water might be encountered due to biological processes and/or the geochemical cycles of particulate vanadium and phosphorus. 4,5 Yet few methods have been reported for vanadium determination in seawaters, probably due to the complex matrices involved and/or the high salinity of such samples.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Spectrophotometric Determination of Vanadium in Seawaters Based on the Bromate Oxidative Coupling Reaction of Metol and 2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzoic Acid

Mohamed

Fawy

2001

ANAL. SCI.

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Vanadium in the hydrosphere was believed to be a conservative element due to its almost uniform distribution in both oceanic and limnetic areas. [1][2][3] However, slight seasonal variations with the depth of water might be encountered due to biological processes and/or the geochemical cycles of particulate vanadium and phosphorus. 4,5 Yet few methods have been reported for vanadium determination in seawaters, probably due to the complex matrices involved and/or the high salinity of such samples. Namely, 6,8,9 NAA, 10,11 AAS 12,13 and HPLC 14,15 methods were reported with typical detection limits of 0. 01 -0.04, 0.02 -0.30, 0.03 -0.80, 0.32 -0.51 and 0.03 -0.2 ng ml -1 , respectively. However, the relatively high instrumental costs [6][7][8][9][10][11] and the need for preconcentration, 6,7,14 chromatographic separation, 6,7,9 extraction 8,10,13,14 or coprecipitation 11 are common disadvantages. On the other hand, catalytic methods of analysis [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] that require simple and low-cost instrumentation usually offer enhanced sensitivities with typical detection limits of 0.1 -1.0 ng ml -1 . Of these methods, the gallic acid-persulfate standard method 19,20 and its modifications [21][22][23] can detect as low as 1 ng ml -1 of V V . However, due to its limited tolerability of chloride ions, the modified method 23 was applied to seawaters only after evaporating the sample in the presence of concentrated H2SO4/HClO4 mixture to remove the interfering chlorides. Therefore, the need for a simple, sensitive and selective method for application to seawaters is desirable.The present work describes, for the first time, the determination of V V and/or V IV down to 0.008 ng ml -1 based on its catalytic effect on the bromate-oxidative coupling reaction of metol with THBA. The simplicity, selectivity and enhanced sensitivity of the developed method allowed the analysis of natural and seawaters without any separation or preconcentration processes. Experimental ApparatusAbsorbance measurements were made on a pre-calibrated Shimadzu-1601 (Kyoto, Japan) double beam UV-Visible spectrophotometer equipped with a multi λ-photometric program pack and 10 mm matched cells. The cell compartment of the spectrophotometer was thermostatically controlled by circulating water from a PolyScience thermostated water bath (IL, USA) with a temperature stability of ±0.1˚C. Eppendorf vary-pipettes 10 -100 and 100 -1000 µl (Westbury, NY, USA) were used to deliver accurate volumes. A calibrated EDT Model GP 353, pH-mV meter equipped with an EDT combined glass electrode (EDT Instrument Ltd., Dover Kent, UK) was used for pH measurements with an accuracy of ±0.01. All glassware and storage bottles were soaked in 10% nitric acid overnight and thoroughly washed with fresh distilled, deionized water prior to use. ReagentsAll reagents were of analytical grade and were used as received. Fresh distilled, deionized water was used throughout.A stock standard solution of 1000 mg l -1 of V V was prepared 20 from NH4VO3 (Al...

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Dissolved molybdenum and vanadium in the northeast Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 50 publications

References 3 publications

Molybdenum in the Northeast Pacific Ocean1

Molybdenum in the Northeast Pacific Ocean1

Controls on trace metal authigenic enrichment in reducing sediments: Insights from modern oxygen-deficient settings

Catalytic Spectrophotometric Determination of Vanadium in Seawaters Based on the Bromate Oxidative Coupling Reaction of Metol and 2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzoic Acid

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