Dissolvable Trimolybdate Nanowires as Ag Carriers for High-Efficiency Antimicrobial Applications

Abstract

<jats:p>Elimination of bacteria and other microbes effectively is important to our daily life and a variety of medical applications. Here, we introduce a new kind of trimolybdate nanowires, namely<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Ag</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>NH</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Mo</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mtext>O</mml:mtext><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>⋅</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:msub><mml:mtext>H</mml:mtext><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mtext>O</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:math>, that carry a large amount of Ag atoms in the lattice and Ag-rich nanoparticles on the surface. These nanowires can eliminate bacteria of<jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</jats:italic>, and unknown microbes in raw natural water with high efficiency. For example, they can inactivate more than 98% of<jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>with a nanowire concentration of only 5 ppm in the solution. The excellent sterilization performance is attributed to the combined effects of Ag ions, Mo ions, and Ag-rich nanoparticles of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Ag</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>NH</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Mo</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mtext>O</mml:mtext><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>⋅</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:msub><mml:mtext>H</mml:mtext><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mtext>O</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:math>nanowires. These nanowires are not dissolvable in deionized water but can be dissolved by the metabolic materials released from bacteria, making them attractive for many biological applications.</jats:p>

The Unique Antimicrobial Effects of Trimolybdate Nanowires

“…We have followed the method reported previously to synthesize the trimolybdate NWs [11,12]. We first examined the antibacterial effects of K 2 Mo 3 O 10 •3H 2 O, and found its unique effect on Cuyitococcus Neofonmans (Cne).…”

“…The Ag 2-x (NH 4 ) x Mo 3 O 10 •3H 2 O nanowires (NWs), hereafter referred as Ag-doped NWs, are found carrying a certain amount of Ag atoms in the lattice and Ag-rich nanoparticles on the surface. They have antibacterial effect at a concentration of 2-10 ppm while still safe to certain kind of human cells [11]. In this paper, we performed detailed experiments to invest the antibacterial properties of pure and Ag-doped trimolybdate NWs, and demonstrated using certain bacterium as onsite micro-sensor for detecting diffusion of Ag-doped NWs through porous medium.…”

Selective Response of Ag6Mo10O33 Thick Film toward Ammonia Using AC Measurement

“…These complexes exhibit excellent silver carriers and showing high efficiency in antimicrobial application in biological field. 16 Among silver molybdates, silver decamolybdate (Ag 6 Mo 10 O 33 ) shows excellent electrical conductivity. 17 It is also used as catalyst in N-alkylation of amines with alcohol.…”