Exploring
semiconductor materials with superior photocatalytic
activity is desirable to mitigate the crisis associated with rapid
depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollutions. Herein we
report the synthesis of orthorhombic stacked WO3·H2O square nanoplates by mixing WCl6 (0.025 M) in
ethanol at room temperature via a precipitation method. On the other
hand, hierarchical urchin-like W18O49 nanostructures
composed of nanowires were synthesized from the preceding solution
within 10 min through a microwave-assisted route. The morphology evolution
from nanoplates to nanowires proceeds through a dissolution and recrystallization
mechanism, as demonstrated in detail by varying the reaction duration
and temperature. The as-synthesized WO3·H2O nanoplates and W18O49 nanowires were employed
for the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B and photoelectrocatalytic
hydrogen generation through water splitting in a neutral medium. Furthermore,
the as-synthesized W18O49 nanostructures are
employed as electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction in both
acidic and neutral electrolytes. The enhanced electrocatalytic and
photocatalytic activity of W18O49 nanostructures
are attributed to their larger surface area, oxygen vacancies, and
faster charge transport properties. This work demonstrates a greener
and simpler way to synthesize a promising defect-rich material (W18O49) in a short duration and its potential in
electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen generation, and
for degradation of pollutant.