Dissolution of Platinum in Hydrochloric Acid Under Industrial-Scale Alternating Current Polarization

Environmentally and Industrially Friendly Recycling of Platinum Nanoparticles Through Electrochemical Dissolution–Electrodeposition in Acid‐Free/Dilute Acidic Electrolytes

“…The approach provides much faster dissolution compared to the potentiostatic dissolution by direct contact of the corrosive liquids with the metal surface held at a constant potential . During electrochemical potential cycling, Pt dissolves primarily through formation of a Pt‐oxide layer and its subsequent dissolution to form soluble Pt species . For spent PEMFC and EC electrocatalysts, which are supported on an electronically conducting material (e.g., high‐surface‐area carbon) providing connectivity of individual Pt nanoparticles to the external circuit, the potentiodynamic dissolution using an external potential control is particularly suitable.…”

“…potentialc ycling, Pt dissolves primarily through formation of a Pt-oxide layer andi ts subsequentd issolution to form soluble Pt species. [8,21,[28][29][30][31][32] For spent PEMFC and EC electrocatalysts, which are supported on an electronically conducting material (e.g.,h igh-surface-area carbon) [33][34][35][36] providing connectivity of individual Pt nanoparticles to the external circuit, the potentiodynamic dissolution using an externalp otentialc ontroli sp articularly suitable.…”

Platinum recycling through electroless dissolution under mild conditions using a surface activation assisted Pt-complexing approach

“…For Pt nanoparticles, this may assist in a high recycling efficiency through potentiostatic/potentiodynamic dissolution under mild conditions (dilute electrolytes, room temperature and pressure) through cyclic formation and dissolution of surface Ptoxides. 4,[17][18][19][20][21][22] Dissolution rates suitable for industrial applications may be achieved in such a process, if it were operated in an electrolyte containing species suitable for formation of Pt-complexes, such as [PtCl x ] 2-. 8,17 However, the recycling of spent catalysts through potentiostatic/potentiodynamic dissolution requires the catalyst particles to be in electronic contact with the external circuit, which makes it difficult to implement such a process with catalysts in the form of loose powders or when supported on a non-conductive matrix.…”

Sustainable Platinum Recycling through Electrochemical Dissolution of Platinum Nanoparticles from Fuel Cell Electrodes

“…In recent years, platinum electrochemical dissolution phenomenon has been intensively studied by several groups, aiming either to understand the degradation mechanisms of Pt electrocatalysts through Pt dissolution under potentiostatic and/or potentiodynamic conditions, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] which lead to serious catalyst durability issues, or to develop a process for recovery of PGMs from the end-of-life electrocatalysts. [16,[29][30][31][32] Significant understanding of the dissolution mechanisms under different conditions has been developed recently through the studies using a combination of electrochemical potential controlling systems and highly sensitive analytical instrumentation, such as the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), [33] inductively coupled plasma -mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), [18,24,28,34] X-ray absorption spectroscopy [25] , etc. The direct evidence on potentiodynamic dissolution through both anodic and cathodic sweep [21,25,27] is one of the most significant contributions in this area.…”