Dissolution of four-stage to three-stage dynamic scaling behavior with stabilization of relaxor character in K_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ based binary system

Abstract

Here, we report the dynamic scaling of a ferroelectric material at the transition compositions, from normal ferroelectric to relaxor ferroelectric (relaxor), with K0.5B0.5TiO3 (KBT) as base material and LiNbO3 (LN) as the substituent. Ferroelectric (Polarization Vs Electric field), piezoelectric (Strain Vs. Electric field) and temperature dependent dielectric data reveals that 0.98KBT-0.02LN (KLN2) has more of normal ferroelectric character while relaxor character is dominating in 0.97KBT-0.03LN (KLN3). The dynamic scaling study with constant frequency and varying electric field shows the evolution of a four-stage behavior for KLN2, distinct from previous reports with two-stage and three-stage behavior, while KLN3 shows 3-stage dynamic behavior. The evolution of a four-stage dynamic behavior is attributed to the clamping of domain walls at lower electric fields. The dissolution of the first and second stages into a single stage with the increase of LN content from 2% to 3% is attributed to the extinction of the clamping effect due to the emergence of polar nanodomains. To generalize the dissolution of stages with the increase of relaxor character, further studies are required.