Dissolution of Direct Ocean Carbon Sequestration Plumes Using an Integral Model Approach

Socolofsky, Scott A.; Bhaumik, Tirtharaj

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2008)134:11(1570)

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The model contains several parameters, each of which are well-understood and should not be used as calibration parameters. The entrainment and detrainment coefficients are taken from Socolofsky et al 9 and Socolofsky and Bhaumik. 10 Correlations for bubble and droplet slip velocity and the heatand mass-transfer coefficients are taken from the appropriate equations by Clift et al 5 Because of the high pressures at depth in the ocean, the Peng−Robinson equation of state is used to compute density and fugacity of seawater and oil and gas mixtures.…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrates in the Ocean beneath, around, and above Production Equipment

et al. 2012

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Hydrates amass beneath and around production equipment and can form in hydrocarbon−seawater jets/plumes. The sources of hydrocarbons in these hydrates are natural seeps or temporary production system leaks. In this paper, some of (i) the formation parameters for these hydrates and (ii) the impacts on normal production operations and hydrocarbon-spill capture systems are discussed. ■ INTRODUCTIONChallenges in the design of deepwater production systems include management of hydrates external and internal to the production hardware. This paper focuses entirely on external hydrates. These include hydrates in which the forming-gas sources are near-mudline natural seeps or production fluid leaks. Management of external hydrates is significantly different from internal-hydrates management for two reasons: (1) The goals of external-hydrates management are often quite different from those of internal-hydrates management. For example, external-hydrates management of near-mudline reservoir hydrates seeks to maintain or increase the volume fractions of these hydrates as they contribute to mudline equipment and wellbore stability. (2) The parameter paths along which external and internal hydrates move into the hydrate region are usually different. For example, at a water depth of 5000 ft in the Gulf of Mexico, (a) in an internal steady-state flowing production line with free gas present, (i) liquids are close to gas saturated, (ii) the pressure and temperature decrease as the fluids flow along the line (in the 40°F seawater environment), which can move the system into the hydrate region (see Figure 1), and (iii) the system is far (>30°F) into the hydrate region at 2200 psi and 40°F (see Figure 1), which promotes relatively fast hydrate-formation kinetics. (b) In an external (to the production system) environment with seeps, (i) seawater is near 40°F in temperature and up to 6000 psi in pressure, (ii) seawater is typically under-saturated with gas, and (iii) elevating the seawater dissolved-gas concentration sufficiently to enter the hydrate region can be difficult in locations with ocean currents. (c) In an external (to the production system) environment with rare, temporary leaks, (i) leak−seawater plume temperature decreases from the leak hydrocarbon temperature (e.g., 200°F) to the seawater temperature (∼40°F ) with the distance up from the source, (ii) seawater is typically under-saturated with gas, and (iii) elevating the seawater dissolved-gas concentration sufficiently to enter the hydrate region can be difficult in locations with ocean currents.In other words, the evolution into the hydrate region for internal systems is usually dominated by a decrease in the Figure 1. Hydrate region boundary plot for a system below the bubble point with flowline fluid pressure−temperature trace. Note that the pressure−temperature point at the flowline outlet is more than 30°F inside the hydrate region, which promotes fast hydrate-formation kinetics.Article pubs.acs.org/EF

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Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary difference in these models is seen at heights above the peel height of the first intrusion. Because we are limiting our discussion to plume heights below the first intrusion, we will discuss results from the TAMU integral model adapted to oil and gas plumes.…”

Section: Larger Hydrocarbon Flows Above the Mudlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrates in the Ocean beneath, around, and above Production Equipment

et al. 2012

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“…This confirms previous findings that gaseous CO 2 is mostly dissolved within a few meters above the emission source, 13,20 resulting in much more localized inputs to the water column compared to hydrocarbon gases 13,23,46,74,76 or CO 2 droplets. 50,99,100 The results in Figure 2, panels b and c, might appear contradictory at first because most of the CO 2 escapes the ascending bubbles (Figure 2c) before a significant decrease of the CO 2 gas-phase mole fraction becomes evident (Figure 2b). This is caused by the larger solubility of CO 2 , by a factor of 25−62, with respect to other major dissolved gases at local conditions.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Simulating and Quantifying Multiple Natural Subsea CO₂ Seeps at Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands, Italy) as a Proxy for Potential Leakage from Subseabed Carbon Storage Sites

Gros

Schmidt

Dale

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage (CCS) has been discussed as a potentially significant mitigation option for the ongoing climate warming. Natural CO2 release sites serve as natural laboratories to study subsea CO2 leakage in order to identify suitable analytical methods and numerical models to develop best-practice procedures for the monitoring of subseabed storage sites. We present a new model of bubble (plume) dynamics, advection-dispersion of dissolved CO2, and carbonate chemistry. The focus is on a medium-sized CO2 release from 294 identified small point sources around Panarea Island (South-East Tyrrhenian Sea, Aeolian Islands, Italy) in water depths of about 40–50 m. This study evaluates how multiple CO2 seep sites generate a temporally variable plume of dissolved CO2. The model also allows the overall flow rate of CO2 to be estimated based on field measurements of pH. Simulations indicate a release of ∼6900 t y–1 of CO2 for the investigated area and highlight an important role of seeps located at >20 m water depth in the carbon budget of the Panarea offshore gas release system. This new transport-reaction model provides a framework for understanding potential future leaks from CO2 storage sites.

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“…The pressures at the ocean bottom are large to contain CO 2 in its liquid phase. 2 At this location, it is easier to get stable and stationary pools of carbon-dioxide. The potential capacity of an ocean is very large and can hold more than a thousand billion tons of carbon dioxide.…”

Section: Ocean Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of latest techniques in carbon sequestration with emphasis on geological sequestration and its effects

Anmala¹,

Boindala²

2019

MOJES

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In the pursuit of development, man has polluted and exploited many resources provided by mother nature. In these pollutions, CO2 pollution has become the most concerning contemporary and sought after problem in the current scenario. Observations indicate that the Carbon concentration levels have exceeded beyond the threshold limits. Among the solutions available currently, Carbon-Capture and Storage (CCS) or Carbon Sequestration (CS) is the best solution considering the cost and efficiency of carbon removal from the atmosphere. In the available Carbon sequestration methods, a geological sequestration is a viable option for long-term sustainable storage of CO2. This article focusses on latest technologies developed with respect to Geological Sequestration and also on the carbon capture techniques, site selection for Geological sequestration, transport as well as uncertainties and difficulties in the modeling of the involved process. The main objective is to stress the need for these techniques and motivate fellow researchers in this essential and emerging field.

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Dissolution of Direct Ocean Carbon Sequestration Plumes Using an Integral Model Approach

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Hydrates in the Ocean beneath, around, and above Production Equipment

Hydrates in the Ocean beneath, around, and above Production Equipment

Simulating and Quantifying Multiple Natural Subsea CO₂ Seeps at Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands, Italy) as a Proxy for Potential Leakage from Subseabed Carbon Storage Sites

Investigation of latest techniques in carbon sequestration with emphasis on geological sequestration and its effects

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Dissolution of Direct Ocean Carbon Sequestration Plumes Using an Integral Model Approach

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Hydrates in the Ocean beneath, around, and above Production Equipment

Hydrates in the Ocean beneath, around, and above Production Equipment

Simulating and Quantifying Multiple Natural Subsea CO2 Seeps at Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands, Italy) as a Proxy for Potential Leakage from Subseabed Carbon Storage Sites

Investigation of latest techniques in carbon sequestration with emphasis on geological sequestration and its effects

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Product

Resources

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Simulating and Quantifying Multiple Natural Subsea CO₂ Seeps at Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands, Italy) as a Proxy for Potential Leakage from Subseabed Carbon Storage Sites