“…Highly charged ions moving at solar wind velocities capture electrons into a range of excited states with a distribution that depends on the charge and energy of the ion and on the identity of the target species that, for comets, is primarily the water molecule with lesser abundances of CO, CO 2 , OH, O, and H. Multielectron charge transfer can occur at low collision velocities (Posthumus & Morgenstern 1992;Kamber et al 1999;Beiersdorfer et al 2000;Greenwood et al 2000;Moretto-Capelle, Bordenave-Montesquieu, & Bordenave-Montesquieu 2000), but the resulting excited ions decay mostly by emission of energetic Auger electrons (Posthumus & Morgenstern 1992;Kamber et al 1999;Moretto-Capelle et al 2000) and rarely produce Xrays. X-ray emission arises from single-electron capture into specific excited states (Janev & Winter 1985;Suraud et al 1991;Janev 1995;Greenwood et al 2000;Beiersdorfer et al 2000).…”