Dissociation of musical tonality and pitch memory from nonmusical cognitive abilities.

Wr, Steinke; Ll, Cuddy; Rr, Holden

doi:10.1037/1196-1961.51.4.316

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 100 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…Consistent with previous studies (Krumhansl & Kessler, 1982;Krumhansl & Shepard, 1979;Steinke et al, 1997), the present data confirmed that typical individuals were highly sensitive to tonality by exhibiting a tonal hierarchy. This provides further evidence that musicians and nonmusicians have a common representation of tonality that develops through 24 repeated exposure to Western tonal music (Koelsch, 2012;Krumhansl & Cuddy, 2010).…”

Section: --------------------------------------------------------supporting

confidence: 81%

“…Furthermore, consistent with a case study of a patient with acquired amusia (Steinke et al, 1997), congenital amusics exhibited lower sensitivity to tonality compared with controls.…”

supporting

confidence: 70%

“…Because the sense of tonality is the basis for the processing of chord and key structures (Patel, 2008;Schmuckler & Tomovski, 2005), and tonality reflects an important component of tonal music grammar (Steinke, Cuddy, & Holden, 1997), it is reasonable to expect that amusia is also associated with poor tonality processing in explicit tasks.…”

Section: Experiments 2: Tonality Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired Explicit Processing of Musical Syntax and Tonality in a Group of Mandarin-Speaking Congenital Amusics

2016

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We examined explicit processing of musical syntax and tonality in a group of Han Chinese Mandarin speakers with congenital amusia, and the extent to which pitch discrimination impairments were associated with syntax and tonality processing. In Experiment 1, we assessed whether congenital amusia is associated with impaired explicit processing of musical syntax. Congruity ratings were examined for syntactically regular or irregular endings in harmonic and melodic contexts. Unlike controls, amusic participants failed to explicitly distinguish regular from irregular endings in both contexts. Surprisingly, however, a concurrent manipulation of pitch distance did not affect the processing of musical syntax for amusics, and their impaired music-syntactic processing was uncorrelated with their pitch discrimination thresholds. In Experiment 2, we assessed tonality perception using a probe-tone paradigm. Recovery of the tonal hierarchy was less evident for the amusic group than for the control group, and this reduced sensitivity to tonality in amusia was also unrelated to poor pitch discrimination. These findings support the view that music structure is processed by cognitive and neural resources that operate independently of pitch discrimination, and that these resources are impaired in explicit judgments for individuals with congenital amusia.

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Section: --------------------------------------------------------supporting

confidence: 81%

“…Furthermore, consistent with a case study of a patient with acquired amusia (Steinke et al, 1997), congenital amusics exhibited lower sensitivity to tonality compared with controls.…”

supporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Experiments 2: Tonality Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired Explicit Processing of Musical Syntax and Tonality in a Group of Mandarin-Speaking Congenital Amusics

2016

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“…What does appear to be increasingly clear is that the pitch processing involved in melody recognition is separable from verbal abilities (Peretz, 1993;Peretz, Belleville, & Fontaine, 1997;Polk & Kertesz, 1993) and other nonmusic cognitive abilities (Koh, Cuddy, & Jakobson, in press;Steinke, Cuddy, & Holden, 1997). The relation between pitch processing ability and music training is modest and does not account for the dissociation from cognitive abilities (Koh et al; Steinke et al).…”

Section: Melody Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Dissociations among functional subsystems governing melody recognition after right-hemisphere damage

Steinke¹,

Cuddy²,

Jakobson³

2001

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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This study describes an amateur musician, KB, who became amusic following a right-hemisphere stroke. A series of assessments conducted post-stroke revealed that KB functioned in the normal range for most verbal skills. However, compared with controls matched in age and music training, KB showed severe loss of pitch and rhythmic processing abilities. His ability to recognise and identify familiar instrumental melodies was also lost. Despite these deficits, KB performed remarkably well when asked to recognise and identify familiar song melodies presented without accompanying lyrics. This dissociation between the ability to recognise/identify song vs. instrumental melodies was replicated across different sets of musical materials, including newly learned melodies. Analyses of the acoustical and musical features of song and instrumental melodies discounted an explanation of the dissociation based on these features alone. Rather, the results suggest a functional dissociation resulting from a focal brain lesion. We propose that, in the case of song melodies, there remains sufficient activation in KB's melody analysis system to coactivate an intact representation of both associative information and the lyrics in the speech lexicon, making recognition and identification possible. In the case of instrumental melodies, no such associative processes exist; thus recognition and identification do not occur.

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“…Their experimental paradigm is called the "probe-tone method", which has been widely used in the field of music psychology (Cuddy & Badertcher, 1987;Steinke et al, 1997;Leman, 2000). In this method, subjects judge the stability of chords that have been primed tonally and modally by preceding musical context such as diatonic scales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromagnetic responses to chords are modified by preceding musical scale

Otsuka

Kuriki

Motomura

et al. 2008

Neuroscience Research

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Previous psychological studies have shown that musical chords primed by Western musical scale in a tonal and modal schema are perceived in a hierarchy of stability. We investigated such priming effects on auditory magnetic responses to tonic-major and submediant-minor chords preceded by major scales and tonic-minor and submediant-major chords preceded by minor scales. Musically trained subjects participated in the experiment. During MEG recordings, subjects judged perceptual stability of the chords. The tonic chords were judged to be stable, whereas the submediant chords were judged to be unstable. Dipole moments of N1m response originating in the auditory cortex were larger in the left hemisphere for the submediant chords than for the tonic chords preceded by the major but not minor scales. No difference in the N1m or P2m moment was found for the chords presented without preceding scales. These results suggest priming effects of the tonal schema, interacting with contextual modality, on neural activity of the auditory cortex as well as perceptual stability of the chords. It is inferred that modulation of the auditory cortical activity is associated with attention induced by tonal instability and modality shift, which characterize the submediant chords.

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Dissociation of musical tonality and pitch memory from nonmusical cognitive abilities.

Cited by 22 publications

References 100 publications

Impaired Explicit Processing of Musical Syntax and Tonality in a Group of Mandarin-Speaking Congenital Amusics

Impaired Explicit Processing of Musical Syntax and Tonality in a Group of Mandarin-Speaking Congenital Amusics

Dissociations among functional subsystems governing melody recognition after right-hemisphere damage

Neuromagnetic responses to chords are modified by preceding musical scale

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