2007
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.02.019
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Dissociation in performance of children with ADHD and high-functioning autism on a task of sustained attention

Abstract: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism are two neurodevelopmental disorders associated with prominent executive dysfunction, which may be underpinned by disruption within fronto-striatal and fronto-parietal circuits. We probed executive function in these disorders using a sustained attention task with a validated brain-behaviour basis. Twenty-three children with ADHD, 21 children with high-functioning autism (HFA) and 18 control children were tested on the Sustained Attention to Response Ta… Show more

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Cited by 231 publications
(205 citation statements)
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“…As a consequence, these persisting primitive reflexes may play a role in ADHD. In the light of current findings these data are in agreement with neurological concept proposed by Jacksonian theory according to which persisting primitive reflexes may cause "dissolution" (Andermann, 1997;Franz & Gillett, 2011;Jacyna, 2011) that may result in ADHD patients into various symptomatic forms (Endo, Sugiyama, & Someya, 2006;Johnson et al, 2007). This process of dissolution related to retained primitive reflexes is based on disinhibition of neural functions or their release from control that leads to dysregulation of later developed adaptive functions (Franz & Gillett, 2011) and may be linked to various neuropsychiatric syndromes (Keshavan & Yeragani, 1987;Youssef & Waddington, 1988;Zafeiriou, 2004;Links et al, 2010;Nicolson et al, 2011;Sanders & Gillig, 2011).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 91%
“…As a consequence, these persisting primitive reflexes may play a role in ADHD. In the light of current findings these data are in agreement with neurological concept proposed by Jacksonian theory according to which persisting primitive reflexes may cause "dissolution" (Andermann, 1997;Franz & Gillett, 2011;Jacyna, 2011) that may result in ADHD patients into various symptomatic forms (Endo, Sugiyama, & Someya, 2006;Johnson et al, 2007). This process of dissolution related to retained primitive reflexes is based on disinhibition of neural functions or their release from control that leads to dysregulation of later developed adaptive functions (Franz & Gillett, 2011) and may be linked to various neuropsychiatric syndromes (Keshavan & Yeragani, 1987;Youssef & Waddington, 1988;Zafeiriou, 2004;Links et al, 2010;Nicolson et al, 2011;Sanders & Gillig, 2011).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 91%
“…Moreover, impairment of the prefrontal cortex in children with high-functioning autism can lead to a more impaired sustained attention compared to children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (16). Lopez et al (2005) suggested that there is a positive correlation between cognitive flexibility and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior in autism; however, there is no correlation between restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and planning and fluency in children with autism (17).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Commission errors (i.e., pressing the star when presented with the target) and omission errors (i.e., not pressing the star when presented with non-targets) were recorded, as well as participants' response times to non-targets. Specifically, commission errors measure lapses in controlled processing that lead to automatic responding and consequently diminished sustained attention (Robertson et al, 1997), while omission errors measure distractions from task participation and thus lapses in sustained attention (Johnson et al, 2007). Trezise et al (2008) found that youth with DS experienced fewer commission errors than youth with NSID on the visual SART, but omission errors occurred at similar rates.…”
Section: Sustained Attention In Dsmentioning
confidence: 99%