Dissociation and bulimia: Research and theory

Everill, Joanne; Waller, Glenn

doi:10.1002/erv.2400030303

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In this study, general self-esteem was not signi®cantly correlated with frequency of bingeing or vomiting. Dissociative mechanisms have also been thought to have a mediating role between traumatic childhood experiences and later eating symptomatology (for review see Everill and Waller, 1995b), however it is not clear, whether the bulimic behaviours result from dissociative phenomena or vice versa (McManus, 1995).…”

Section: Is There Any Link Between Abuse Characteristics and The Sevementioning

confidence: 98%

The role of general family environment and sexual and physical abuse in the origins of eating disorders

Schmidt

Humfress

Treasure

1997

Eur. Eat. Disorders Rev.

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This paper reviews the role of childhood family functioning and of sexual and physical abuse in eating disorders. Bearing in mind the huge methodological differences across studies the following tentative conclusions can be reached: there is evidence of more family pathology in eating disorder families than in normal control families. Those with bulimic disorders seem to have poorer family functioning than restrictors. Different eating disorder subgroups show less or comparable levels of family pathology compared to psychiatric or other medical controls depending on the comparison group. In bulimia nervosa high levels of family disturbance seem to be associated with greater severity and chronicity of bulimic symptomatology. There is some suggestion that family functioning may have more of an effect on Axis II than on Axis I disorders. Rates of sexual abuse appear to be higher in bulimia nervosa than in normal controls. Depending on which psychiatric control groups are chosen, eating disorder patients may have similar, higher or lower rates of contact sexual abuse. The majority of studies fails to ®nd differences between eating disorder subtypes in terms of rates of sexual abuse. The evidence on whether there is any link between abuse characteristics and the severity of eating disorder is inconclusive. On balance, childhood sexual abuse does not seem to be a speci®c risk factor for eating disorders. Physical abuse is more common in bulimic than in restricting disorders and usually occurs in the context of a disturbed family environment. The clinical implications of these ®ndings are discussed. Future research in the area of family factors or childhood trauma in eating disorders needs to get away from mere`head

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Section: Is There Any Link Between Abuse Characteristics and The Sevementioning

confidence: 98%

The role of general family environment and sexual and physical abuse in the origins of eating disorders

Schmidt

Humfress

Treasure

1997

Eur. Eat. Disorders Rev.

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show abstract

“…The fact that, in normal subjects, the abused group reported also higher total DIS-Q score, suggested greater dissociative effects in normals than in ED subjects. This finding seemed to sup port the hypothesis of ED as a defence mechanism that could rise in 'alternative' or 'as a form' of dissociation [21]. According to Simeon et al [22], both self-injury and dissocia tion are often strictly associated with a history of abuse and both arc linked to the obses sive-compulsive spectrum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Dissociative Experiences and Eating Disorders in a Female College Sample

Santonastaso¹,

Favaro²,

Olivotto³

et al. 1997

Psychopathology

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The present study evaluates the relationship between abuse experiences, dissociation and eating disorders (ED) in an Italian female college sample. In particular, the study aims at comparing the dissociative effects of abuse experiences in ED and normal subjects. Dissociative experiences were assessed by Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS-Q), which appeared to be an internally consistent and valid instrument. The presence of ED in 491 female college students was assessed by a two-stage epidemiological procedure. The factor structure of the DIS-Q in our sample allowed us to identify specific features that could differentiate ED subjects from normals. Experiences of losing control appeared to characterize ED subjects and they were more serious in ED individuals who reported sexual or physical abuse. Normal subjects who reported a serious trauma had more frequently amnesia, identity alterations, derealization and depersonalization experiences when compared to nonabused subjects.

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“…: Hoe lager de scores op de EDES, des te ernstiger de pathologie Dth jaargang 2007Dth jaargang (maart 2007 worden gezien als een manier om om te gaan met de negatieve emoties, resulterend uit het trauma. Eetbuien leiden vaak immers tot een soort van 'emotionele anesthesie' (Everill & Waller, 1995;Vanderlinden & Vandereycken, 1997;2000). De meest opvallende verschillen met de non-traumagroepen worden binnen elke diagnostische subgroep telkens teruggevonden in de metingen van algemene psychopathologie en dissociatie.…”

Section: Prevalentie Van Traumatische Ervaringenunclassified

Het verband tussen traumatische ervaringen en psychopathologie bij eetstoornissen

Bronckaers¹,

Probst²,

Schotte³

et al. 2007

DITH

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Samenvatting In deze studie wordt het verband tussen traumatische ervaringen en verscheidene aspecten van de eetstoornis, comorbide psychopathologie en dissociatie nagegaan bij een klinische populatie vrouwelijke eetstoornispatie¨nten (n = 298). De prevalentie van traumatische ervaringen ligt opmerkelijk hoog binnen de gehele onderzoeksgroep (71,8%). Binnen de diagnostische groepen worden traumatische ervaringen het meest gerapporteerd door de anorexiapatie¨nten van het 'gemengde' type, op de voet gevolgd door de boulimiapatie¨nten. In deze groepen wordt ook het meest gestoorde beeld van de eetstoornis vastgesteld; bij hen is sprake van meer symptomatologie, comorbiditeit en dissociatie dan bij anorexiapatie¨nten van het restrictieve type. Ook worden de patie¨nten me´t en zonder traumatisch verleden met elkaar vergeleken op de onderzochte klinische variabelen. De resultaten wijzen overduidelijk aan dat de traumagroep bij opname over de hele lijn meer psychopathologie vertoont in vergelijking met de non-traumagroep. Binnen de diagnostische subgroepen van de eetstoornissen komen dissociatie en algemene psychopathologie als meest traumaspecifieke kenmerken naar voren. InleidingIn de afgelopen decennia is -met een grote verscheidenheid aan resultaten -reeds veel onderzoek gepubliceerd over de relatie tussen traumatische ervaringen en eetstoornissen. Het verder uitdiepen van deze relatie is relevant aangezien eerder onderzoek heeft aangetoond dat een traumaverleden samenhangt met een slechtere prognose, de kans op terugval en het vroegtijdig stoppen van de behandeling (Anderson, LaPorte, Brandt, &

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Dissociation and bulimia: Research and theory

Cited by 22 publications

References 67 publications

The role of general family environment and sexual and physical abuse in the origins of eating disorders

The role of general family environment and sexual and physical abuse in the origins of eating disorders

Dissociative Experiences and Eating Disorders in a Female College Sample

Het verband tussen traumatische ervaringen en psychopathologie bij eetstoornissen

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