Dissociating visual form from lexical frequency using Japanese

Twomey, Tae; Duncan, Keith J. Kawabata; Hogan, John S; Morita, Kenji; Umeda, Kazumasa; Sakai, Katsuyuki; Devlin, Joseph T.

doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2012.02.003

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…On the contrary, univariate activation analysis showed that training reduced activations for artificial language words in the bilateral occipitotemporal and occipitoparietal cortex, probably because of increased familiarity with artificial language words (Ischebeck et al, 2004;Kronbichler et al, 2007;Twomey et al, 2013). On the contrary, univariate activation analysis showed that training reduced activations for artificial language words in the bilateral occipitotemporal and occipitoparietal cortex, probably because of increased familiarity with artificial language words (Ischebeck et al, 2004;Kronbichler et al, 2007;Twomey et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Lexical learning in a new language leads to neural pattern similarity with word reading in native language

Chen

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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Previous neuroimaging studies have suggested similar neural activations for word reading in native and second languages. However, such similarities were qualitatively determined (i.e., overlapping activation based on traditional univariate activation analysis). In this study, using representational similarity analysis and an artificial language training paradigm, we quantitatively computed cross-language neural pattern similarity to examine the modulatory effect of proficiency in the new language. Twenty-four native Chinese speakers were trained to learn 30 words in a logographic artificial language for 12 days and scanned while performing a semantic decision task after 4-day training and after 12-day training. Results showed that higher proficiency in the new language was associated with higher cross-language pattern similarity in select regions of the reading network.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Lexical learning in a new language leads to neural pattern similarity with word reading in native language

Chen

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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“…Previous studies have reported greater vOT activation for Kanji relative to Kana (Sakurai et al 2000; Ha Duy Thuy et al 2004; Nakamura et al 2005), even when the scripts were carefully matched (Ino et al 2009; Twomey et al 2012). Greater activation, however, does not necessarily entail greater functional connectivity between regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Inter- and Intrahemispheric Connectivity Differences When Reading Japanese Kanji and Hiragana

et al. 2013

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Unlike most languages that are written using a single script, Japanese uses multiple scripts including morphographic Kanji and syllabographic Hiragana and Katakana. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging with dynamic causal modeling to investigate competing theories regarding the neural processing of Kanji and Hiragana during a visual lexical decision task. First, a bilateral model investigated interhemispheric connectivity between ventral occipito–temporal (vOT) cortex and Broca's area (“pars opercularis”). We found that Kanji significantly increased the connection strength from right-to-left vOT. This is interpreted in terms of increased right vOT activity for visually complex Kanji being integrated into the left (i.e. language dominant) hemisphere. Secondly, we used a unilateral left hemisphere model to test whether Kanji and Hiragana rely preferentially on ventral and dorsal paths, respectively, that is, they have different intrahemispheric functional connectivity profiles. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found that Kanji increased connectivity within the ventral path (V1 ↔ vOT ↔ Broca's area), and that Hiragana increased connectivity within the dorsal path (V1 ↔ supramarginal gyrus ↔ Broca's area). Overall, the results illustrate how the differential processing demands of Kanji and Hiragana influence both inter- and intrahemispheric interactions.

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“…It is notable that a similar pattern is seen in our controls, suggesting that similar top-down modulations affect the normal VWFA as well. In support of that idea, there are a number of neuroimaging studies demonstrating that activation in the VWFA is modulated by topedown processes involving symbolic meaning (Song, Tian, & Liu, 2012), task demands (Twomey, Kawabata Duncan, Price, & Devlin, 2011) and non-visual stimulus attributes (Twomey et al, 2013;Yoncheva, Zevin, Maurer, & McCandliss, 2009). Yet in the original word localizer task, there was clearly higher activation in D.F.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 85%

Visual processing of words in a patient with visual form agnosia: A behavioural and fMRI study

Cavina-Pratesi

Large

Milner

2015

Cortex

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Patient D.F. has a profound and enduring visual form agnosia due to a carbon monoxide poisoning episode suffered in 1988. Her inability to distinguish simple geometric shapes or single alphanumeric characters can be attributed to a bilateral loss of cortical area LO, a loss that has been well established through structural and functional fMRI. Yet despite this severe perceptual deficit, D.F. is able to "guess" remarkably well the identity of whole words. This paradoxical finding, which we were able to replicate more than 20 years following her initial testing, raises the question as to whether D.F. has retained specialized brain circuitry for word recognition that is able to function to some degree without the benefit of inputs from area LO. We used fMRI to investigate this, and found regions in the left fusiform gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, and left middle temporal cortex that responded selectively to words. A group of healthy control subjects showed similar activations. The left fusiform activations appear to coincide with the area commonly named the visual word form area (VWFA) in studies of healthy individuals, and appear to be quite separate from the fusiform face area (FFA). We hypothesize that there is a route to this area that lies outside area LO, and which remains relatively unscathed in D.F.

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Dissociating visual form from lexical frequency using Japanese

Cited by 16 publications

References 66 publications

Lexical learning in a new language leads to neural pattern similarity with word reading in native language

Lexical learning in a new language leads to neural pattern similarity with word reading in native language

Inter- and Intrahemispheric Connectivity Differences When Reading Japanese Kanji and Hiragana

Visual processing of words in a patient with visual form agnosia: A behavioural and fMRI study

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