Dissipative Rogue Waves Generated by Chaotic Pulse Bunching in a Mode-Locked Laser

Abstract

Rare events of extremely high optical intensity are experimentally recorded at the output of a mode-locked fiber laser that operates in a strongly dissipative regime of chaotic multiple-pulse generation. The probability distribution of these intensity fluctuations, which highly depend on the cavity parameters, features a long-tailed distribution. Recorded intensity fluctuations result from the ceaseless relative motion and nonlinear interaction of pulses within a temporally localized multisoliton phase.

Coexisting rogue waves within the (2+1)-component long-wave–short-wave resonance

“…However, once k is larger than 1.89 (here we chose k = 2), the valid domain of K will be greatly reduced and only the asymptotic behavior given by Eqs. (11) and (12) remains, as indicated by the dashed lines (3,3 ) and (4,4 ) in Fig. 1(b).…”

“…Recent developments have taken into account dissipative effects [11,15,16], included higher-order nonlinear terms [17][18][19], or considered the coupling between several fields [20][21][22][23][24][25]. The latter investigations have led to the discovery of intricate rogue wave structures that are generally unattainable in the scalar models.…”

“…In addition to being manifested in the open ocean and deep water related experiments [4,5], these extreme wave events were also observed in a wide class of physical systems, including capillary waves and surface ripples [6,7], plasmas [8], optical fibers [9,10], mode-locked lasers [11], and filaments [12]. These studies have uncovered general features of nonlinearity and complexity shared by rogue waves, e.g., they are extremely large and steep compared with typical events, occur in a nonlinear medium, and follow an unusual L-shaped statistics [9,[11][12][13]. Despite these diverse features, mathematical solutions of rogue waves can be expressed as rational functions localized in both space and time.…”

Rogue waves in optically injected lasers: Origin, predictability, and suppression

“…Since then, optical rogue waves have been observed in several systems [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], and their study has advanced the research in the field, in a way that has been compared to the introduction of optical systems to study chaos in the 1980s [26].…”

“…In lasers, rogue waves occurring in the form of giant intensity pulses capable of producing catastrophic optical damage have been observed in pump-modulated [19], Raman [20], mode-locked [21][22][23], and optically injected lasers [24]. In Ref.…”