Dissipation behaviour, processing factors and risk assessment for metalaxyl in greenhouse‐grown cucumber

Abstract

The higher content of metalaxyl residues in flesh showed its penetration from the skin into the flesh. The results provided more understanding of fungicide distribution as well as the effective role of peeling in reducing residues in cucumber fruits.

Simultaneous determination of residues of metalaxyl, cyazofamid and a cyazofamid metabolite in tobacco leaves and soil by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

“…Liu et al (2014) established an ultra-performance liquid chromatography method to extract metalaxyl residues from peppers using dichloromethane-n-hexane (1:1, v/v), and the average recoveries ranged from 77.52 to 102.05%. Ramezani and Shahriari (2015) developed an LC-MS/MS method to extract metalaxyl residues from cucumber using acetonitrile, and the recoveries were between 91.20 and 101.10%.…”

“…Many studies have investigated residues of metalaxyl or cyazofamid in crops using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Lee et al, ; Malhat, ; Singh & Tandon, ; Tandon & Singh, ; Zheng, Feng, Ge, Lv, & Xie, ), ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (Liu et al, ), gas chromatography (GC) (Rani, V. K. Sharma, Rattan, Singh, & Sharma, ; Rattan & Sharma, ) and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) (Lee et al, ; Li et al, ; Ramezani & Shahriari, ; Zhu et al, ). For example, Zheng et al () used a QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) HPLC method to detect trace amounts of metalaxy in watermelon, and the average recovery rates were between 92.20 and 98.90%.…”

“…Liu et al () established an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography method to extract metalaxyl residues from peppers using dichloromethane– n ‐hexane (1:1, v/v), and the average recoveries ranged from 77.52 to 102.05%. Ramezani and Shahriari () developed an LC‐MS/MS method to extract metalaxyl residues from cucumber using acetonitrile, and the recoveries were between 91.20 and 101.10%. Although many studies have analyzed metalaxyl and cyazofamid residues in different matrices, little information is available about the simultaneous analysis of metalaxyl and cyazofamid residues and the metabolite CCIM in tobacco.…”

Unequivocal Enantiomeric Identification and Analysis of 10 Chiral Pesticides in Fruit and Vegetables by QuEChERS Method Combined With Liquid Chromatography‐Quadruple/Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry Determination

“…Metalaxyl was the first compound of the phenylamide fungicides, introduced to the market in 1977. It has had an important role in chemical disease control over the past decades and has become the most important compound of this class in the market . Famoxadone is a member of a new class of oxazolidinone fungicides, which are broad‐spectrum and active against a wide range of diseases in many crops .…”

“…It has had an important role in chemical disease control over the past decades and has become the most important compound of this class in the market. 24 Famoxadone is a member of a new class of oxazolidinone fungicides, which are broad-spectrum and active against a wide range of diseases in many crops. 25 Most of these 10 fungicides are widely used in China on various crops, especially fruits and vegetables.…”