Dissemination of plasmid-encoded AmpC β-lactamases in antimicrobial resistant Salmonella serotypes originating from humans, pigs and the swine environment

Keelara, Shivaramu; Thakur, Siddhartha

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.07.018

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…We detected one S. Rissen plasmid of approximately 90 kb that carried a tetracycline resistance marker. This is in comparison to our previous report where we identified from a farm environment in North Carolina a 90-to 100-kb plasmid in a tetracyclineresistant S. Rissen isolate carrying the tet(A) gene (31). This serotype is not common in the U.S. agricultural system and was identified for the first time in North Carolina swine farms in 2009 (42).…”

Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…The presence of resistance genes on plasmids of specific AMR Salmonella phenotypes was detected using PCR (31,74). Overall, genes encoding resistance to ampicillin and cephalosporin (bla PSE-1 , bla TEM , and bla CMY-2 ), chloramphenicol (cmlA), streptomycin (aadA1, aadA2, strA, and strB), sulfisoxazole (sul1 and sul2), and tetracycline [tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), and tet(G)] were tested.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, an initial denaturation at 94°C for 5 min was followed by 30 cycles of denaturation for 45 s at 94°C, annealing for 45 s at 57°C, extension for 1 min at 72°C, and a final extension at 72°C for 5 min. Salmonella enterica isolates carrying resistance genes and characterized in earlier studies were used as positive controls (31).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Horizontal Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Multiple Salmonella Serotypes following Isolation from the Commercial Swine Operation Environment after Manure Application

Pornsukarom

Thakur

2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The aim of this study was to characterize the plasmids carrying antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants in multiple Salmonella serotypes recovered from the commercial swine farm environment after manure application on land. Manure and soil samples were collected on day 0 before and after manure application on six farms in North Carolina, and sequential soil samples were recollected on days 7, 14, and 21 from the same plots. All environmental samples were processed for Salmonella, and their plasmid contents were further characterized. A total of 14 isolates including Salmonella enterica serotypes Johannesburg (n ϭ 2), Ohio (n ϭ 2), Rissen (n ϭ 1), Typhimurium var5Ϫ (n ϭ 5), Worthington (n ϭ 3), and 4,12:i:Ϫ (n ϭ 1), representing different farms, were selected for plasmid analysis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by broth microdilution against a panel of 14 antimicrobials on the 14 confirmed transconjugants after conjugation assays. The plasmids were isolated by modified alkaline lysis, and PCRs were performed on purified plasmid DNA to identify the AMR determinants and the plasmid replicon types. The plasmids were sequenced for further analysis and to compare profiles and create phylogenetic trees. A class 1 integron with an ANT(2Љ)-Ia-aadA2 cassette was detected in the 50-kb IncN plasmids identified in S. Worthington isolates. We identified 100-kb and 90-kb IncI1 plasmids in S. Johannesburg and S. Rissen isolates carrying the bla CMY-2 and tet(A) genes, respectively. An identical 95-kb IncF plasmid was widely disseminated among the different serotypes and across different farms. Our study provides evidence on the importance of horizontal dissemination of resistance determinants through plasmids of multiple Salmonella serotypes distributed across commercial swine farms after manure application. IMPORTANCEThe horizontal gene transfer of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants located on plasmids is considered to be the main reason for the rapid proliferation and spread of drug resistance. The deposition of manure generated in swine production systems into the environment is identified as a potential source of AMR dissemination. In this study, AMR gene-carrying plasmids were detected in multiple Salmonella serotypes across different commercial swine farms in North Carolina. The plasmid profiles were characterized based on Salmonella serotype donors and incompatibility (Inc) groups. We found that different Inc plasmids showed evidence of AMR gene transfer in multiple Salmonella serotypes. We detected an identical 95-kb plasmid that was widely distributed across swine farms in North Carolina. These conjugable resistance plasmids were able to persist on land after swine ma-

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Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Horizontal Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Multiple Salmonella Serotypes following Isolation from the Commercial Swine Operation Environment after Manure Application

Pornsukarom

Thakur

2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…In an attempt to control Salmonella infection in pigs, antibiotics have been used, which has led to an increase in the antibiotic resistance of strains isolated from animals and humans Bessa et al 2007;Fernandes et al 2009;Kich et al 2011;Keelara and Thakur 2014;Kuo et al 2014;Palhares et al 2014;Lopes et al 2015). Specifically, in Brazil, antibiotic resistance in Salmonella serovars Typhimurium, Agona, Derby and Bredeney isolated from swine has been reported (Michael et al 2005a,b;Michael et al 2008;Kich et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence-associated genes, antimicrobial resistance and molecular typing of Salmonella Typhimurium strains isolated from swine from 2000 to 2012 in Brazil

et al. 2016

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“…Non-clinical bacteria of medical importance have previously been noted to serve as possible reservoirs of MDR and the negative implications of the possible transfer of resistance genes between different bacterial types and from animal to human strains elucidated (Otokunefor et al, 2018, Seiffert et al, 2013, Card et al, 2017. Furthermore, such spread via plasmids has been demonstrated but in vivo and in vitro (Keelara and Thakur 2014, Martin et al, 2014, de Been et al, 2014, Card et al, 2017. This high-level link between MDR and plasmid carriage in this study could therefore point at a higher risk for the transfer of MDR determinants into human populations in our locale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli as Possible Agents of Spread of Multidrug Resistance in Port Harcourt, Rivers State.

Otokunefor

Osogho

Nwankwo

2019

Annals of Science and Technology

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Multidrug resistance (MDR) continues to be a growing global issue. The problem of MDR is fuelled in part by the spread of the genes encoding resistance horizontally which is linked particularly to conjugation involving plasmids. Studies have demonstrated the presence of plasmids in drug resistant isolates, few have shown a link between these plasmids and drug resistance via plasmid curing especially in our locale. This study set out to explore this link in Escherichia coli isolates from Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Plasmid curing was done on a selection of clinical and non-clinical bacteria using acridine orange and antibiotic susceptibility testing carried out on both cured and uncured variants. Data generated was analysed to ascertain the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index and MDR of each isolate. Data was then compared to ascertain effects of plasmid curing on antibiotic resistance of the isolates. Results revealed a decrease in resistance to 7 of 8 antibiotics following plasmid curing. The highest change was noted in ceftazidime (40%), followed by ofloxacin (26.7%). Plasmid curing caused a shift in MAR index values of isolates from higher to lower indices. At MAR index values of ≤0.25 occurrence increased from 5% to 36.7% while at MAR index values ≥0.75, occurrence reduced from 29.9% to 10.0%. A reduction in the degree of MDR was noted (from 55% to 36.7%). Strikingly, the reduction in MDR level of non-clinical isolates was 30% as opposed to 3.4% in the clinical isolates. This study shows a link between plasmids and antibiotic resistance. For the non-clinical isolates, the high-level link between MDR and plasmid carriage could indicate a higher use of antimicrobials in non-clinical rather than clinical settings. Additionally, it could be an indicator for a higher risk of the transfer of MDR determinants from non-clinical sources to human populations in our locale.

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Dissemination of plasmid-encoded AmpC β-lactamases in antimicrobial resistant Salmonella serotypes originating from humans, pigs and the swine environment

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

Horizontal Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Multiple Salmonella Serotypes following Isolation from the Commercial Swine Operation Environment after Manure Application

Horizontal Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Multiple Salmonella Serotypes following Isolation from the Commercial Swine Operation Environment after Manure Application

Virulence-associated genes, antimicrobial resistance and molecular typing of Salmonella Typhimurium strains isolated from swine from 2000 to 2012 in Brazil

Escherichia coli as Possible Agents of Spread of Multidrug Resistance in Port Harcourt, Rivers State.

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