Dissemination of Imidacloprid Through Dairy Cattle Manure and Its Effect on the Biological Control Agent, <i>Spalangia endius</i> (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), and a Filth Fly Host, <i>Musca domestica</i> (Diptera: Muscidae)

Burgess, Edwin R.; Watkins, Sydney M.; King, B. H.; Chantos‐Davidson, Karley M.; Kremer, Aspen; Tournear, Jennifer; Morrow, Joseph E.; Hagen, Timothy J.; Gaillard, Elizabeth R.

doi:10.1093/jee/toy386

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This concentration is much less than the 0.91535 ug of imidacloprid per cm 2 that will result from application of house fly bait at its recommended coverage (Burgess and King 2015). However, because the pesticide disseminates and degrades over time (Rouchaud et al 1996, Burgess et al 2018, the concentration that we used is one that parasitoids of house fly pupae might plausibly encounter.…”

Section: Parasitoid Exposure To Imidaclopridmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Imidacloprid is highly toxic to S. endius at recommended application rates (Burgess and King 2015). Because of dissemination and breakdown, the concentration that S. endius and other related parasitoids of filth flies encounter on livestock facilities will sometimes be less than this application amount (Mandeville et al 1990, Burgess et al 2018. Individual parasitoids that survive exposure to imidacloprid may nevertheless produce fewer offspring, with more adult flies resulting (Burgess et al 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Neonicotinoid Affects the Mating Behavior of Spalangia endius (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a Biological Control Agent of Filth Flies

Kremer

King

2019

Environmental Entomology

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Spalangia endius Walker is a parasitoid wasp that is commercially available as a biological control agent for filth fly pests in livestock-rearing operations. Imidacloprid is often used to control these flies. The present study examined the sublethal effect of field-realistic concentrations of imidacloprid on mating behavior, offspring sex ratios, and male preference for virgin females. After exposure to imidacloprid, S. endius females that survived were less likely to mate than control females, which will result in male-biased sex ratios because only mated females can produce daughters. Males did not avoid exposed females, but exposed females were almost always unreceptive. Males that survived exposure to imidacloprid exhibited reduced mating competitiveness against unexposed males. However, if an exposed male mated, his mate’s sex ratio and ability to control flies was unaffected. Exposed males were also still able to discriminate against mated, and thus usually unreceptive, females. Together with previous studies, these results suggest that not only does imidacloprid reduce the ability of S. endius females to survive and parasitize hosts, but when an exposed female does survive and parasitize hosts, she is likely to produce just sons, because of her lack of receptivity. More-male-biased populations of S. endius will decrease their efficacy for fly control. Thus, the use of imidacloprid along with this parasitoid may be financially inefficient for pest management.

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Section: Parasitoid Exposure To Imidaclopridmentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Neonicotinoid Affects the Mating Behavior of Spalangia endius (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a Biological Control Agent of Filth Flies

Kremer

King

2019

Environmental Entomology

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“…The present study examined effects of moving through clean (pesticide-free) manure-like media after exposure to imidacloprid, and there were no effects of the media on mating for females and negative effects for males. In contrast, clean female S. endius are affected by moving through manure that has been contaminated by imidacloprid relative to moving through uncontaminated manure (Burgess et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Such exposure kills ~10% of females and no males. Parasitoids might encounter this concentration on a farm because 0.91535 μg/cm 2 of imidacloprid is the recommended application rate for imidacloprid when it is in house fly bait (Burgess and King 2015), and the pesticide disseminates and degrades over time (Rouchaud et al 1996, Burgess et al 2018.…”

Section: Parasitoid Exposure To Imidaclopridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decaying Organic Matter Does Not Remove Sublethal Effects of Imidacloprid on Mating in Spalangia endius (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a Parasitoid of Filth Flies

Kremer¹,

King

2019

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Both the parasitoid wasp Spalangia endius Walker and the insecticide imidacloprid are used to control house flies. A recent study found that negative sublethal effects of imidacloprid on killing flies and on offspring production by this parasitoid wasp are eliminated when females have the opportunity to crawl through decaying matter. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the presence of decaying matter reduces the amount of pesticide on their bodies. This study examined whether this was also true for sublethal effects on mating. S. endius were exposed to a realistic concentration of imidacloprid that induces very low mortality. Then, individual parasitoids were allowed to burrow through decaying organic matter or not, followed by mating tests in the absence of decaying matter. Even after 24 h with the decaying matter, copulation for both males and females that had previously been exposed to imidacloprid was delayed compared with no-pesticide controls. Furthermore, for pesticide-exposed males, subsequently burrowing through media made copulation even more delayed than if they were not exposed to media. For pesticide-exposed females, subsequently burrowing through media neither increased or decreased the negative effect of the pesticide exposure. Together with other studies, these results reinforce that use of S. endius and use of imidacloprid are incompatible, even at much lower than recommended concentration, unless application is sufficiently separated in place and time.

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Eco-Smart Biorational Approaches in Housefly Musca domestica L. 1758 Management

Senthoorraja,

Senthamarai Selvan,

Basavarajappa

2022

New and Future Development in Biopesticide Research: Biotechnological Exploration

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Dissemination of Imidacloprid Through Dairy Cattle Manure and Its Effect on the Biological Control Agent, Spalangia endius (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), and a Filth Fly Host, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

A Neonicotinoid Affects the Mating Behavior of Spalangia endius (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a Biological Control Agent of Filth Flies

A Neonicotinoid Affects the Mating Behavior of Spalangia endius (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a Biological Control Agent of Filth Flies

Decaying Organic Matter Does Not Remove Sublethal Effects of Imidacloprid on Mating in Spalangia endius (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a Parasitoid of Filth Flies

Eco-Smart Biorational Approaches in Housefly Musca domestica L. 1758 Management

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