Disseminated tuberculosis infection in a CAR T‐cell recipient

Abstract

We describe a case of disseminated tuberculosis (TB) in a pediatric recipient of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells for treatment of refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).There are no reported cases of TB in recipients of this new therapy.

Case Report: Active tuberculosis infection in CAR T-cell recipients post CAR T-cell therapy: a retrospective case series

“…In this study, we describe five cases of active TB in CAR Tcell recipients with B-cell malignancies. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a case series in adults, though one TB case in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia following CAR T-cell therapy has recently been reported (Grasa et al, 2022). Symptoms and chest imaging indicative of active TB were screened before CAR T-cell therapy in our center.…”

New Onset of Tuberculosis Complicating FDG PET/CT Evaluation in Patient With Recent Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy

“…[7][8][9] Tuberculosis after CAR T-cell therapy was also reported in a letter to editor in which a 9-year-old girl developed tuberculosis 5 months after CAR-T therapy. 10 It is well-known that tuberculosis infection can lead to false-positive in interpretation of 18 F-FDG PET/CT images. [11][12][13][14][15] Tuberculosis infection usually slowly develops, and thus it is unusual to have symptomatic tuberculosis infection within 1 month of CAR-T therapy in a patient who was not infected before the treatment.…”

“…Bacterial, fungal, and viral infections after CAR T-cell therapy have been reported 7–9 . Tuberculosis after CAR T-cell therapy was also reported in a letter to editor in which a 9-year-old girl developed tuberculosis 5 months after CAR-T therapy 10 . It is well-known that tuberculosis infection can lead to false-positive in interpretation of 18 F-FDG PET/CT images 11–15 .…”