Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis: a case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL), also known as leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata, is a rare disease characterized by multiple benign smooth muscle tumors proliferating along the peritoneal surfaces. The cause of the disease is unclear, and possible factors include iatrogenic and hormonal stimulation. The patient was a 41-year-old Chinese woman with a history of laparoscopic myomectomy and subsequent pregnancy. Multiple abdominal masses were identified and required surgical intervention. The patient had no tenderness or other discomfort. The clinical and imaging diagnosis was gastrointestinal stromal tumor, but DPL was confirmed by postoperative pathological examination. The patient had a good prognosis, and no recurrence was observed during follow-up. Iatrogenic and hormonal stimulation leading to DPL is very rare, and we believe that multiple factors led to DPL in this case. Clinicians should be aware of such potential patients.

Intravascular leiomyoma‑A rare case in the context of Covid‑19 outbreak: A case report

“…The incidence of this pathology seems to be rising. In literature, this ascendant trend is justified either by more accurate means to detected it, due to diagnosis techniques evolution and improvement, or by the blooming of minimally invasive surgery with morcellation for uterine fibroids, that is assumed to be one of the potential causes for this rare and intriguing pathology ( 17 ).…”

Recurrent leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata

“…In the scenario of a patient with a history of multiple previous myomectomies and imaging findings highly suggestive of smooth muscle lesions, peritoneal leiomyomatosis was considered the most probable diagnosis by the treating team. However, within the differential diagnoses, it is important to consider gastrointestinal stromal tumor, primary peritoneal leiomyosarcoma, or angiolipomas 9 10…”