Disseminated Nocardia caviae infection

Arroyo, Julio C.; Nichols, Steven P.; Carroll, Gary F.

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(77)90839-7

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the patient described here, brain was the only demonstrable site of nocardial infection. He had no skin lesions and his chest X-ray was normal, as were four of the ®ve cases described previously [7,11,13,14]. Direct parenteral inoculation appears to be the most likely cause in this patient.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Primary brain abscess with Nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an intravenous drug abuser

Durán

López²,

Martínez³

et al. 2001

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Primary brain abscess with Nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an intravenous drug abuser

Durán

López²,

Martínez³

et al. 2001

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…In humans, at least six basic forms of disease may be recognized following Nocardia infection: (i) pulmonary nocardiosis (2,7,32,38,134,190,237,287,350,356,393); (ii) systemic nocardiosis (involving two or more body sites) (15,22,36,51,165,166,202,220,319,330,357); (iii) CNS nocardiosis (43,44,50,52,133,138,142,153,184,194,198,219,309,310), (iv) extrapulmonary nocardiosis (3,23,48,137,147,180,216,234,259,317); (v) cutaneous, subcutaneous, and lymphocutaneous (sporotrichoid) nocardiosis (12, 47, 101, 123, 269, 293,…”

Section: Clinical Aspects Of Nocardl4 Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nocardia species: host-parasite relationships

1994

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The nocardiae are bacteria belonging to the aerobic actinomycetes. They are an important part of the normal soil microflora worldwide. The type species, Nocardia asteroides, and N. brasiliensis, N. farcinica, N. otitidiscaviarum, N. nova, and N. transvalensis cause a variety of diseases in both normal and immunocompromised humans and animals. The mechanisms of pathogenesis are complex, not fully understood, and include the capacity to evade or neutralize the myriad microbicidal activities of the host. The relative virulence of N. asteroides correlates with the ability to inhibit phagosome-lysosome fusion in phagocytes; to neutralize phagosomal acidification; to detoxify the microbicidal products of oxidative metabolism; to modify phagocyte function; to grow within phagocytic cells; and to attach to, penetrate, and grow within host cells. Both activated macrophages and immunologically specific T lymphocytes constitute the major mechanisms for host resistance to nocardial infection, whereas B lymphocytes and humoral immunity do not appear to be as important in protecting the host. Thus, the nocardiae are facultative intracellular pathogens that can persist within the host, probably in a cryptic form (L-form), for life. Silent invasion of brain cells by some Nocardia strains can induce neurodegeneration in experimental animals; however, the role of nocardiae in neurodegenerative diseases in humans needs to be investigated.

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“…Disseminated infection in humans has been reported in the pre-AIDS era in patients immunocompromised by underlying malignancy or corticosteroids (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated Nocardia Otitidiscaviarum in a Patient with AIDS

Sandre

Summerbell

1997

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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A case of disseminated infection due toNocardia otitidiscaviarumis described in a Caucasian man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. The patient presented with no previous AIDS-defining conditions, a CD4 lymphocyte count of 206 cells/mm3and enlarging intra-abdominal and chest wall abscesses with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. Aggressive surgical debridement and antimicrobial therapy with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and amikacin resulted in clinical cure. Long term suppressive therapy was needed to prevent relapse.

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Disseminated Nocardia caviae infection

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

Primary brain abscess with Nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an intravenous drug abuser

Primary brain abscess with Nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an intravenous drug abuser

Nocardia species: host-parasite relationships

Disseminated Nocardia Otitidiscaviarum in a Patient with AIDS

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