Disseminated intravascular coagulation and the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

Sudden Death Caused by Fulminant Bacterial Infection: Background and Pathogenesis of Japanese Adult Cases

“…3) (20)(21)(22)(23). Four of the seven patients showed adrenocortical hemorrhage (24). Histopathologically, Gram-positive diplococci were confirmed in three of the four patients with S. pneumoniae infection.…”

Diagnosis and Management of Bacterial Meningitis

“…The measures previously outlined in section 6.2.1 should be undertaken if shock is present. In SDme cases there is good evidence that disseminated intravascular cDagulatiDn is an impDrtant factDr (Fox, 1971) and there are case repDrts Df the successful treatment with heparin Df patients with proven labDratory evidence Df this cDmplicatiDn (Abildgaard et al, 1967;Winkelstein et al, 1969;Ellman, 1971). However, such treatment is not always successful (McGehee et al, 1967;Hitzig, 1964), and cDnversely survival when disseminated intravascular cDagulatiDn has Dccurred is pDssible without the use Df heparin (Co"igan et al, 1973).…”

Heparin therapy in meningococcal septicaemia.

“…The occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulation in meningococcal septicaemia has now been well established from fatal cases (Fox, 1971) and from laboratory studies (McGehee, Rapaport, and Hjort, 1967). The importance of early recognition of this condition in the management of meningococcal septicaemia has recently been emphasized by Hunter (Archives, 1973, 48, 233).…”