Dissecting the transcriptome in cardiovascular disease

Abstract

The human transcriptome comprises a complex network of coding and non-coding RNAs implicated in a myriad of biological functions. Non-coding RNAs exhibit highly organised spatial and temporal expression patterns and are emerging as critical regulators of differentiation, homeostasis and pathological states, including in the cardiovascular system. This review defines the current knowledge gaps, unmet methodological needs and describes the challenges in dissecting and understanding the role and regulation of the non-coding transcriptome in cardiovascular disease. These challenges include poor annotation of the non-coding genome, determination of the cellular distribution of transcripts, assessment of the role of RNA processing and identification of cell-type specific changes in cardiovascular physiology and disease. We highlight similarities and differences in the hurdles associated with the analysis of the non-coding and protein-coding transcriptomes. In addition, we discuss how the lack of consensus and absence of standardised methods affect reproducibility of data. These shortcomings should be defeated in order to make significant scientific progress and foster the development of clinically applicable non-coding RNA-based therapeutic strategies to lessen the burden of cardiovascular disease.

Genome-wide transcriptional profiling of pulmonary functional sequelae in ARDS- secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection

“…We present a 14-gene signature that precisely classifies patients according to their pulmonary outcomes 3 months after hospital discharge. Since RNA-based biomarker in vitro assays are commercially available [55] , our results are clinically relevant. Profiling blood transcript abundance on a genome-wide scale emerges as a promising tool for the development of useful biomarkers for the management of “post-COVID” patients.…”

Regulatory miRNAs in Cardiovascular and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Focus on Copper

“…The transcriptomes, genomes, and epigenomes from individual cells and cell types in complex heterogeneous organs and tissues of the CV are described through DNA and RNA technical sequencing. The miRNA-1254 levels predicted changes in the left ventricular (LV) volumes and LV ejection fraction 6 months after ST elevation MI (STEMI) [ 77 ].…”

“…Mutharasan and collaborators [ 77 , 125 ], demonstrated that miR-210 is upregulated through both HIF-dependent and independent pathways. In the HIF-1β knockout mouse, protein kinase B (AKT) increased the miR-210 levels under hypoxia.…”

Cardiovascular disease risk and pathophysiology in South Asians: can longitudinal multi-omics shed light?

“…Studies of non-coding transcriptome, which even though have limited protein-coding functions, are discovering the pathology of CVD. To eventually realize precision medicine, we are still facing the challenges of standardization of methodologies and translation 105 . In addition, researches in this area largely depend on the availability of tissues from autopsy, thus the clinical translation and implementation has been limited.…”