Dissecting racial disparities in multiple myeloma—clues from differential immunoglobulin levels

Bunce, Christopher M.; Drayson, Mark T.

doi:10.1038/s41408-020-0314-5

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, EBV- and GlcSph-initiated MGUS seem to eventually progress toward MM [ 6 , 9 , 10 ]. In fact, many studies have established that significant differences exist among MGUS and SM patients both in genetics and in early exposure to viruses, especially EBV, with consequences on immune responses, MGUS clinical presentation and risk of transformation into MM [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. In this regard, the determination of the target of the monoclonal Ig in large cohorts of patients, which is feasible for > 80% MGUS/SM patients and > 50% NDMM patients ( Figure 5 ), should contribute to better define the prognosis of MGUS patients and subsequently, influence therapeutic choices to prevent MM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Monoclonal Gammopathies Linked to Poliovirus or Coxsackievirus vs. Other Infectious Pathogens

Harb

Mennesson

Lepetit

et al. 2021

Cells

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Chronic stimulation by infectious pathogens or self-antigen glucosylsphingosine (GlcSph) can lead to monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and multiple myeloma (MM). Novel assays such as the multiplex infectious antigen microarray (MIAA) and GlcSph assays, permit identification of targets for >60% purified monoclonal immunoglobulins (Igs). Searching for additional targets, we selected 28 purified monoclonal Igs whose antigen was not represented on the MIAA and GlcSph assays; their specificity of recognition was then analyzed using microarrays consisting of 3760 B-cell epitopes from 196 pathogens. The peptide sequences PALTAVETG and PALTAAETG of the VP1 coat proteins of human poliovirus 1/3 and coxsackievirus B1/B3, respectively, were specifically recognized by 6/28 monoclonal Igs. Re-analysis of patient cohorts showed that purified monoclonal Igs from 10/155 MGUS/SM (6.5%) and 3/147 MM (2.0%) bound to the PALTAVETG or PALTAAETG epitopes. Altogether, PALTAV/AETG-initiated MGUS are not rare and few seem to evolve toward myeloma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Monoclonal Gammopathies Linked to Poliovirus or Coxsackievirus vs. Other Infectious Pathogens

Harb

Mennesson

Lepetit

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…AA HC have increased titers of antibodies compared with EA in response to vaccination to rubella (50), pertussis (51) and influenza (52). AA HC also have increased levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM compared with EA HC (53). Furthermore, multiple myeloma and its precursor disease, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, is increased in AA compared with EA (54), and these conditions develop from aberrant B cell differentiation into malignant plasma cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient ancestry significantly contributes to molecular heterogeneity of systemic lupus erythematosus

et al. 2020

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“…BAME ethnicity was, however, independently associated with greater IgG and IgM directed against the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. The peripheral immunophenotypes of healthy individuals differs by ethnicity [27]: individuals of African American ethnicity have significantly greater proportions of type 17 T-follicular helper cells, significantly lower type 1 T follicular helper cells, significantly higher proportions of B cells within their peripheral lymphocyte populations and higher levels of immunoglobulins in comparison to white individuals [27, 28]. Whether an individual’s peripheral immunophenotype correlates with acute antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 is not known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological responses to SARS-CoV-2 following non-hospitalised infection: clinical and ethnodemographic features associated with the magnitude of the antibody response

Shields

Faustini

Pérez-Toledo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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ObjectiveTo determine clinical and ethnodemographic correlates of serological responses against the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein following mild-to-moderate COVID-19.DesignA retrospective cohort study of healthcare workers who had self-isolated due to COVID-19.SettingUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK (UHBFT).Participants956 health care workers were recruited by open invitation via UHBFT trust email and social media.InterventionParticipants volunteered a venous blood sample that was tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibodies. Results were interpreted in the context of the symptoms of their original illness and ethnodemographic variables.ResultsUsing an assay that simultaneously measures the combined IgG, IgA and IgM response against the spike glycoprotein (IgGAM), the overall seroprevalence within this cohort was 46.2% (n=442/956). The seroprevalence of immunoglobulin isotypes was 36.3%, 18.7% and 8.1% for IgG, IgA and IgM respectively. IgGAM identified serological responses in 40.6% (n=52/128) of symptomatic individuals who reported a negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Increasing age, non-white ethnicity and obesity were independently associated with greater IgG antibody response against the spike glycoprotein. Self-reported fever and fatigue were associated with greater IgG and IgA responses against the spike glycoprotein. The combination of fever and/or cough and/or anosmia had a positive predictive value of 92.3% for seropositivity.Conclusions and relevanceAssays employing combined antibody detection demonstrate enhanced seroepidemiological sensitivity and can detect prior viral exposure even when PCR swabs have been negative. We demonstrate an association between known ethnodemographic risk factors associated with mortality from COVID-19 and the magnitude of serological responses in mild-to-moderate disease. The combination of cough, and/or fever and/or anosmia identifies the majority of individuals who should self-isolate for COVID-19.

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Dissecting racial disparities in multiple myeloma—clues from differential immunoglobulin levels

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Comparison of Monoclonal Gammopathies Linked to Poliovirus or Coxsackievirus vs. Other Infectious Pathogens

Comparison of Monoclonal Gammopathies Linked to Poliovirus or Coxsackievirus vs. Other Infectious Pathogens

Patient ancestry significantly contributes to molecular heterogeneity of systemic lupus erythematosus

Serological responses to SARS-CoV-2 following non-hospitalised infection: clinical and ethnodemographic features associated with the magnitude of the antibody response

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