Dissecting Arabidopsis Gβ Signal Transduction on the Protein Surface

Jiang, Kun; Frick-Cheng, Arwen E; Trusov, Yuri; Delgado-Cerezo, Magdalena; Rosenthal, David M.; Lorek, Justine; Panstruga, Ralph; Booker, Fitzgerald L.; Botella, José Ramón; Molina, Antonio; Ort, Donald R.; Jones, Alan M.

doi:10.1104/pp.112.196337

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…In addition to ion channel regulation, G protein mutations affect water availability [141,142], but this cannot be explained simply by aberrant stomate development [143]. gpa1 null mutations confer reduced, but agb1 or rgs1 mutations confer increased stomate density on cotyledons [142].…”

Section: Physiological Function Of G Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterotrimeric G protein signalling in the plant kingdom

et al. 2013

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In animals, heterotrimeric G proteins, comprising α-, β-and γ-subunits, perceive extracellular stimuli through cell surface receptors, and transmit signals to ion channels, enzymes and other effector proteins to affect numerous cellular behaviours. In plants, G proteins have structural similarities to the corresponding molecules in animals but transmit signals by atypical mechanisms and effector proteins to control growth, cell proliferation, defence, stomate movements, channel regulation, sugar sensing and some hormonal responses. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the molecular regulation of plant G proteins, their effectors and the physiological functions studied mainly in two model organisms: Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa). We also look at recent progress on structural analyses, systems biology and evolutionary studies.

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Section: Physiological Function Of G Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterotrimeric G protein signalling in the plant kingdom

et al. 2013

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“…Loss of AGB1 confers even stronger phenotypes in many cases. agb1 null mutants are profoundly sensitive to many pathogens (18, 35, 56, 75, 83, 102, 105) and have short hypocotyls, altered leaf shape, and excess lateral roots and stomata (128). Both AtGPA1 and AGB1 operate in programmed cell death (55, 123).…”

Section: G Protein–mediated Sugar Signaling and Cellular Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterotrimeric G Protein–Coupled Signaling in Plants

Urano¹,

Jones

2014

Annu. Rev. Plant Biol.

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Investigators studying G protein–coupled signaling—often called the best-understood pathway in the world owing to intense research in medical fields—have adopted plants as a new model to explore the plasticity and evolution of G signaling. Much research on plant G signaling has not disappointed. Although plant cells have most of the core elements found in animal G signaling, differences in network architecture and intrinsic properties of plant G protein elements make G signaling in plant cells distinct from the animal paradigm. In contrast to animal G proteins, plant G proteins are self-activating, and therefore regulation of G activation in plants occurs at the deactivation step. The self-activating property also means that plant G proteins do not need and therefore do not have typical animal G protein–coupled receptors. Targets of activated plant G proteins, also known as effectors, are unlike effectors in animal cells. The simpler repertoire of G signal elements in Arabidopsis makes G signaling easier to manipulate in a multicellular context.

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“…In addition, loss of function of the Gb subunit leads to reduced elf18-induced resistance against Agrobacterium tumefaciens as well as reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production triggered by flagellin22 (flg22) and elf18 (an 18-amino acid peptide that represents the N terminus of bacterial EF-Tu; Ishikawa, 2009). Multiple surface residues of AGB1 were recently shown to play important roles in resistance against necrotrophic pathogens and flg22-induced ROS production (Jiang et al, 2012).…”

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Heterotrimeric G Proteins Serve as a Converging Point in Plant Defense Signaling Activated by Multiple Receptor-Like Kinases

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In fungi and metazoans, extracellular signals are often perceived by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and transduced through heterotrimeric G-protein complexes to downstream targets. Plant heterotrimeric G proteins are also involved in diverse biological processes, but little is known about their upstream receptors. Moreover, the presence of bona fide GPCRs in plants is yet to be established. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), heterotrimeric G protein consists of one Gα subunit (G PROTEIN α-SUBUNIT1), one Gβ subunit (ARABIDOPSIS G PROTEIN β-SUBUNIT1 [AGB1]), and three Gγs subunits (ARABIDOPSIS G PROTEIN γ-SUBUNIT1 [AGG1], AGG2, and AGG3). We identified AGB1 from a suppressor screen of BAK1-interacting receptor-like kinase1-1 (bir1-1), a mutant that activates cell death and defense responses mediated by the receptor-like kinase (RLK) SUPPRESSOR OF BIR1-1. Mutations in AGB1 suppress the cell death and defense responses in bir1-1 and transgenic plants overexpressing SUPPRESSOR OF BIR1-1. In addition, agb1 mutant plants were severely compromised in immunity mediated by three other RLKs, FLAGELLIN-SENSITIVE2 (FLS2), Elongation Factor-TU RECEPTOR (EFR), and CHITIN ELICITOR RECEPTOR KINASE1 (CERK1), respectively. By contrast, G PROTEIN α-SUBUNIT1 is not required for either cell death in bir1-1 or pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity mediated by FLS2, EFR, and CERK1. Further analysis of agg1 and agg2 mutant plants indicates that AGG1 and AGG2 are also required for pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immune responses mediated by FLS2, EFR, and CERK1, as well as cell death and defense responses in bir1-1. We hypothesize that the Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G proteins function as a converging point of plant defense signaling by mediating responses initiated by multiple RLKs, which may fulfill equivalent roles to GPCRs in fungi and animals.

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Dissecting Arabidopsis Gβ Signal Transduction on the Protein Surface

Cited by 19 publications

References 60 publications

Heterotrimeric G protein signalling in the plant kingdom

Heterotrimeric G protein signalling in the plant kingdom

Heterotrimeric G Protein–Coupled Signaling in Plants

Heterotrimeric G Proteins Serve as a Converging Point in Plant Defense Signaling Activated by Multiple Receptor-Like Kinases

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